Habib Ullah
Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2019, , Pages 906-912
Abstract
This research examined impact of advertisement expenses on profitability of Food and personal care product firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. 10 years data were gathered from consolidated annual financial statements of nine companies over a period of 2009 to 2018. The profitability was measured ...
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This research examined impact of advertisement expenses on profitability of Food and personal care product firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange. 10 years data were gathered from consolidated annual financial statements of nine companies over a period of 2009 to 2018. The profitability was measured by Return on Assets. Advertising expenses was independent. The regression model was used and the data were analyzed through SPSS software. It was concluded that advertisement expenses has a significant positive impact on profitability.
Soran Mowlaie; Sina Aminosharieh
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 909-916
Abstract
Impulse buying is a highly important aspect of customer behavior. It emerges as a dominant phenomenon in customer behavior, and is a vital concept in the market. The aim of the present study was to examine the factors that affect impulse buying in cosmetics market. Regarding its aim, the present investigation ...
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Impulse buying is a highly important aspect of customer behavior. It emerges as a dominant phenomenon in customer behavior, and is a vital concept in the market. The aim of the present study was to examine the factors that affect impulse buying in cosmetics market. Regarding its aim, the present investigation was an applied study, and in terms of its method and nature, it was a causal study. Cosmetics customers in Sanandaj were selected as the statistical population. Cochran sampling method was used to determine a study sample of 384 individuals. After 422 questionnaires were distributed, 396 were returned and considered as the basis for final analysis. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the experts’ opinions and confirmatory factor loadings, and the obtained Cronbach’s alpha showed its appropriate reliability. Statistical equations were used as the statistical method, and data analysis was carried out using LISREL statistical software. The results of the present study showed that individual and situational factors affect the customers’ impulse buying. Among individual factors, the aspect of assets and financial wealth, and among situational factors, the aspect of the salesperson’s behavior had the most effect on impulse buying.
Ahad Lotfi; Nasser Nasiri; Saeid Hajihassaniasl
Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2019, , Pages 913-925
Abstract
Accurate, comprehensive and credible performance management systems, as one of the benchmarks of the development of organizations and communities, require the provision of specific infrastructures and requirements. The present study consists of a mixed approach of fuzzy hierarchy analysis and balanced ...
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Accurate, comprehensive and credible performance management systems, as one of the benchmarks of the development of organizations and communities, require the provision of specific infrastructures and requirements. The present study consists of a mixed approach of fuzzy hierarchy analysis and balanced scorecard to assess the business environment in the West Azarbaijan province of Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and has been prepared in terms of method with analytical and descriptive approach. Analytical Hierarchy Process Analysis (AHP) technique was used to measure the variables of the research and indicators are weighted by analyzing the fuzzy hierarchical process as well. Based on this, the growth and learning field with a priority weight of 0.467 is the most important and secondarily, the internal processes area with a priority weight of 0.277 is considered. The financial area with priority weight of 0.160 is considered important in the third order and finally the client area with a priority of 0.095 is considered.
Ng Ju Hung; Rashad Yazdanifard
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 913-924
Abstract
As the amount of accidents on the road increases in tandem with the increase in the amount of cars on the road every year, vehicle safety aspect now plays the primary role which influences consumer choice when making a new vehicle purchase. In one of the research quoted by Koppel et.al, (2008), the most ...
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As the amount of accidents on the road increases in tandem with the increase in the amount of cars on the road every year, vehicle safety aspect now plays the primary role which influences consumer choice when making a new vehicle purchase. In one of the research quoted by Koppel et.al, (2008), the most important aspect which influences a consumer's choice of vehicle was safety. The aim of this study is to fine out: 1) describe the thoughts of Malaysian consumers about the safety level of their vehicle, 2) describe the type of vehicle safety system consumers are putting an emphasize on, and 3) describe what are the top three advanced vehicle safety system preferred in their cars.
Ammar Arshad; Rashad Yazdanifard
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 917-936
Abstract
This report is commissioned to analyse strategic position of Sony in market with brief history analyses, core competencies analyses along with strategic recommendations for Sony. Several key models like SWOT, Bowman's Strategy Clock and other related concepts are discussed, the data used for this research ...
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This report is commissioned to analyse strategic position of Sony in market with brief history analyses, core competencies analyses along with strategic recommendations for Sony. Several key models like SWOT, Bowman's Strategy Clock and other related concepts are discussed, the data used for this research paper data gathered form secondary data sources i.e. Annual reports, Journal articles, Book, newspaper articles etc. which are properly declared in “Reference” section. The rational decision for choosing Sony as a research study for this paper is that they have been market leaders and pioneered many markets, however due to lack of ambition and strategic planning failure the company is now on verge of bankruptcy. Towards the end this research paper has given some strategic direction recommendations for the board of directors of Sony Inc. which will help Sony to revive themselves from current position and restore their brand to former glory.
Omkar Dastane; Muhammad Ifwan Bin Md Jalal; Karthik Selvaraj
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 923-954
Abstract
The research goal is to fill the current research gap by determining the service factors that influence M-commerce Apps customer satisfaction and loyalty in Malaysia by adopting e-service quality (e-SQ) model and relationship quality theories in the context of mobile commerce apps. A framework proposed ...
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The research goal is to fill the current research gap by determining the service factors that influence M-commerce Apps customer satisfaction and loyalty in Malaysia by adopting e-service quality (e-SQ) model and relationship quality theories in the context of mobile commerce apps. A framework proposed by Zeithaml, et al., (2005) for e-service quality (e-SQ) and its extension is used to study the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the context of M-commerce. The data is collected through administered online survey with sample of 152 respondent selected using convenience sampling in order to test the hypotheses of the proposed framework model. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) as well as path analysis is carried out using AMOS 22. The results of this study show that, out of all service quality elements, only fulfilment has the highest significant influence on customer satisfaction, while privacy has the highest significant impact on customer loyalty. This also mean, adopting e-SQ model as it is for mobile businesses can be erroneous. This research is useful and has important implication for marketers, businesses that are looking to improve M-Commerce by understanding customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in relation with e-SQ among Malaysian working professionals. Academically, it uncovers need to investigate service quality factors specifically for mobile businesses.
Sahebali Akbari; Vahid Sadeghi Rad; Hamid Sadeghi Rad
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 925-934
Abstract
Since Islam never left humans without guidance in any aspects of life, a reasonable expectation is that Islam has issued guidelines on economy in order to enhance life. Unfortunately, religion was on the margin before the Islamic revolution and extracting economic affairs from the religion was impossible ...
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Since Islam never left humans without guidance in any aspects of life, a reasonable expectation is that Islam has issued guidelines on economy in order to enhance life. Unfortunately, religion was on the margin before the Islamic revolution and extracting economic affairs from the religion was impossible and impractical. But after the revolution a situation was rectified whereby economic-Islamic affairs and consequently Islamic contracts in banking system gradually drew attention. In the process of agency, providers of goods or services for banks or credit institutions (as the agent) receive cash and the discounts through invoices and solve their liquidity problems. The purchasers for goods or services obtain their needed products; the agents receive the amounts of invoices from the purchasers on the due date and make profit. Accordingly, agency is defined as ‘selling the receivables accounts or (receivable documents) to agent companies in order to provide cash and reduce credit risk’. This article examines the principles of agency concerning Islamic contracts intending to fulfill the financing purposes of the country.
Ali Nakhchian; Hamid Abadi; Mahdi Rafiee
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 935-944
Abstract
One of the main tools to extend and make deeper the capital market is promoting the level of market analysis. Without extensive and comprehensive research and analysis on the capital markets, we cannot expect to grow capital market's position in the national economy. A brief review of developments in ...
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One of the main tools to extend and make deeper the capital market is promoting the level of market analysis. Without extensive and comprehensive research and analysis on the capital markets, we cannot expect to grow capital market's position in the national economy. A brief review of developments in stock companies, as a key element of the market capitalization of the economy, indicates that gap analysis has been existed on this market. But promising steps have been taken towards the use of standard indicators and methodologies for analyzing our capital markets through recent years. However, it is still common that we are far from the analyzing the capital market and we have lots of works to do on this field. In this study we investigated the relationship between conservatism and some characteristics of the board of directors (as the main strategy of the company) in order to motivate and increase the level of investments. To achieve this goal, 53 companies which are the subcategories of Mofid brokerage firm were selected for a period of 6 years (from 1385 to 1391).
Erin Olayinka; Eriki Emoarehi; Arumona Jonah; Jacob Ame
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 937-952
Abstract
This study examines the impact of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on financial performance in the emerging market with special focus on the Nigerian financial sector. The study investigates 40 companies from the period 2012 to 2016 resulting into 200 firm observations. The method used to measure financial ...
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This study examines the impact of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on financial performance in the emerging market with special focus on the Nigerian financial sector. The study investigates 40 companies from the period 2012 to 2016 resulting into 200 firm observations. The method used to measure financial performance was Return on Assets (ROA) while Value at Risk (VaR) was used as a proxy for Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). The study used other control variables such as Leverage (LEV), Board Size (BSIZE), Firm Size (FSIZE), Institutional Ownership (INTOWN) and Risk Management Committee Size (RMC). The result of regression coefficient shows that VaR (0.216), BSIZE (0.218), FSIZE (0.021), INTOWN (0.001), and RMC (0.032) are statistically significant with the exception of LEV (-0.572) which shows an inverse relationship with financial performance. The empirical findings show that ERM is positively and significantly related to financial performance. The results support the hypothesis that ERM has a significant impact on the financial performance of listed firms in the Nigerian financial sector. We recommend that the regulatory authorities (Central Bank of Nigeria, Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria etc.) in charge of the financial sector should ensure that all firms in the sector adopt ERM as a matter of urgency and continue to ensure strict compliance with the ERM framework.
Adel Azar; Ahmad Khani Nozari
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 945-966
Abstract
Efficiency is one of economic concepts, which its enhancement has always been at the focus of politics and economy practitioners in order to improve standard of living, prosperity, peace, and human security; so that all economic schools and communities relatively emphasize this notion and suggest proper ...
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Efficiency is one of economic concepts, which its enhancement has always been at the focus of politics and economy practitioners in order to improve standard of living, prosperity, peace, and human security; so that all economic schools and communities relatively emphasize this notion and suggest proper political advices to increase efficiency of various factors. Nowadays, regarding the qualitative and quantitative development of cities, the role of municipalities in urban management increasingly highlighted; thus, measuring the efficiency of municipalities is necessary for planning and better performance of municipalities. The present research tried to measure the performance of municipalities exceeding one hundred people through using DEA method and constant return to output-based scale (CCR-O) and variable return to output-based scale (BCC-O) in 2010; regarding municipalities’ relatively stable revenues, permanent revenues, semi-stable and totally unstable revenues as two inputs; and costs of urban and administrative services, as well as urban construction (including 1. Improved urban traffic; 2. Improved urban environment; and 3. Establishing entertainment and income-generating facilities) as five outputs. Obtained results indicate that 16 of 44 understudy municipalities i.e. 36.36% and 17 municipalities (38.64%) are efficient in CCR and BCC methods, respectively. The mean efficiency of the first method is 86.97% and 27.87% for the second method. Moreover, once municipalities totally ranked and an efficient virtual model introduced for inefficient municipalities, the main cause of inefficiency assigned to their extreme deviation from sufficient municipalities in costs of building cultural and sport places, which requires the highest attention at change average of 240%.
Muhammad Imran; Siti Norasyikin Abdul Hamid; Azelin Aziz
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 953-961
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework regarding religiosity and organisational commitment. A literature-based analysis was engaged by combining concepts from religiosity and organisational commitment. The syntheses of these two concepts lead to the development of the conceptual ...
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The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework regarding religiosity and organisational commitment. A literature-based analysis was engaged by combining concepts from religiosity and organisational commitment. The syntheses of these two concepts lead to the development of the conceptual framework. The findings show that implementation of religious practices leads to organisational commitment. This paper will contribute to the conceptualisation of religiosity and organisational commitment, which help to improve the theory.
Ma Qiaoxin; L Liswandi
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 955-965
Abstract
This study is carried out to analyze cultural diversity factors influencing employee satisfaction in a joint venture electric power company operating in Indonesia. Quantitative research method is used to process this research, and collects and analyzes data base on questionnaire. The respondents of questionnaire ...
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This study is carried out to analyze cultural diversity factors influencing employee satisfaction in a joint venture electric power company operating in Indonesia. Quantitative research method is used to process this research, and collects and analyzes data base on questionnaire. The respondents of questionnaire are distributed in the company. The number of respondents are 100 persons which are employees of the company gathered by convenience method of non-probability sampling techniques for sampling design. Based on the output of SPSS 16.0 multiple regressions analysis, this research found religion, language and age have significant influence on employee satisfaction, while gender has no significant influence on employee satisfaction in the company. The result of this study is expected to help company have a better understanding on cultural diversity in an organization and cope with it.
Khalil Israfilzade
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 962-979
Abstract
The development of Web 2.0 and the evolving interest for online social networks have prompted the exchange of this ‘‘word-of-mouth’’ phenomenon to online spaces. Consumer-generated media (CGM) offers consumers the opportunity of sharing their knowledge, contribute their view and ...
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The development of Web 2.0 and the evolving interest for online social networks have prompted the exchange of this ‘‘word-of-mouth’’ phenomenon to online spaces. Consumer-generated media (CGM) offers consumers the opportunity of sharing their knowledge, contribute their view and connect with other users. While an increasing number of individual engages in consumer-generated media (CGM) consuming, participating and producing levels, the gap between various users each day remaining large. Accordingly, the aim of the article is to determine how Millennials engagement with CGM are different in Azerbaijan and Lithuania. Data from 311 users of CGM from Azerbaijan and Lithuania were analysed through in three different engagement levels of CGM. The findings suggest that except consuming CGM, there is a statistically significant difference in two countries “Y” generation engagement with CGM.
Ugwu Kelechi Enyinna; Mary Kekeocha; Oluchi Ebere Chukwu
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 966-985
Abstract
This study examined the impact of work-family conflict on career advancement of female professionals in Commercial Banks of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. This study adopted correlation survey design to test the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The total population of study ...
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This study examined the impact of work-family conflict on career advancement of female professionals in Commercial Banks of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. This study adopted correlation survey design to test the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The total population of study comprised of 84 female staff of the following organizations: First Bank, United Bank for Africa, Access Bank and Fidelity Bank. The target population of the study comprised of female workers of the selected organizations. The study hypothesis was statistically tested and analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Findings showed that, there exists a significant positive relationship between work-family conflict (family obligation) and career advancement of female professionals. The following recommendations are made; banks are advised to introduce career breaks to support women with family responsibilities balance work and family roles; organizations need to introduce flexible working environment to nursing mothers to enable them manage effectively family responsibilities and career roles.
Mohammad Ali Nasimi; Somaye Amiri; Samira Pali; Samaneh Nasimi
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 967-976
Abstract
Customers relate to various markets with distinct decision making styles. Such styles may be somewhat time independent. The present study was conducted to take a thorough look at Sproles & Kendall’s model of decision making styles among mobile phone customers, with a focus on store location, ...
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Customers relate to various markets with distinct decision making styles. Such styles may be somewhat time independent. The present study was conducted to take a thorough look at Sproles & Kendall’s model of decision making styles among mobile phone customers, with a focus on store location, recommendations and criticism by others, and power of parents. To this end, it was attempted to develop a data collection instrument through the latest changes in the questionnaire for decision making model of purchase as well as experts’ and consumers’ comments and judgments. After the conduction of a random sampling, 385 questionnaires were handed out to mobile phone users out of which 369 were usable. In order to analyze the data and test the hypotheses, structural equations modeling was utilized. The results indicated that habitual and store location styles were the most important ones.
Narjes Jamali; Mohammad Reza Feylizadeh
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 977-993
Abstract
In a competitive environment changes rapidly occur therefore managers of organizations facing some challenges such as identifying important factors affecting organizational optimum usage of available resources. Thus, organizational performance evaluation is a crucial task to do and sensitive process ...
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In a competitive environment changes rapidly occur therefore managers of organizations facing some challenges such as identifying important factors affecting organizational optimum usage of available resources. Thus, organizational performance evaluation is a crucial task to do and sensitive process in any industry. The objective of this study is to construct an approach based on the balanced scorecard (BSC) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) for evaluating the aircraft maintenance department in Iran. The BSC concept is applied to define the hierarchy with four major perspectives (i.e. financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth), and performance indicators are selected for each perspective. A Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) approach is then proposed in order to tolerate vagueness and ambiguity of information. A FAHP information system is finally constructed to facilitate the solving process. The results provide guidance to the aircraft maintenance department in Iran regarding strategies for improving department performance. The results show that financial indicator (0.305) and learning and growth indicator (0.255) have higher impacts on the objective. The constructed information system is suggested to be a good tool for solving other multiple-criteria decision-making problems.
Waqar Ahmad; Doan Phuong Dung; Mono Heang; Aqsa Bibi
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 980-988
Abstract
In this paper we study about the cross countries comparison of Luxembourg, Germany and India on the basis of five variables , I.e. GDP per Capita, GDP growth rate, Scientific and technical Journals, R & D spending , patent Applications for the years 2000 to 2009. It is necessary that ...
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In this paper we study about the cross countries comparison of Luxembourg, Germany and India on the basis of five variables , I.e. GDP per Capita, GDP growth rate, Scientific and technical Journals, R & D spending , patent Applications for the years 2000 to 2009. It is necessary that Luxembourg should do innovation (in the field of finance and Steel) to maintain its strength in the future. Germany should give focus on innovation as innovation and growth rate shows positive relationship in the country. On the other hand India should increase its R & D spending as that will further improve its GDP growth rate. So it is necessary for the countries that first they should identify fields/sectors and then decide about innovation. This paper shows that the GDP per Capita of Luxembourg is better from other two countries because it has a stable and solid growth, Low inflation, low unemployment, a strong financial sector, low tax rate and the most important an increasingly diversified in steel.
Mohammad Kasyaani; Massoud Dehghani; Roghayeh Eyvaz Naveh Si
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 986-1005
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of audit quality and debt financing on earnings management. In this research, the quality of audit and debt financing is considered as an independent variable and profit management as an associated variable. The criteria for measuring the audit ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of audit quality and debt financing on earnings management. In this research, the quality of audit and debt financing is considered as an independent variable and profit management as an associated variable. The criteria for measuring the audit quality of the auditor's tenure, the size of the audit firm, the auditor's specialty, and the independence of the auditor are to measure the financing of both short-term financing (short-term debt to total assets) and long-term debt financing (Long-term debt to total assets). Also, for measuring earnings management as a dependent variable, the modified Jones model was used. The spatial domain of the research includes companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange and the realm of time from the beginning of 2010 to 2016, totally due to the restrictions imposed, 134 companies were selected as samples. Testing the research hypotheses using aggregated least squares regression showed that none of the audit quality criteria studied in this research and debt financing had any effect on the management of profit.
Ghasem Ansari Renani; Bakhtiar Ghaderi; Omar Mahmoudi
Volume 4, Issue 10 , October 2017, , Pages 989-1001
Abstract
The aim of the present research investigates the relation between organizational structure and effectiveness of communication. The research methodology is survey and correlative. All employees of Marivan education department were chosen as the statistical population that 92 persons of them were chosen ...
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The aim of the present research investigates the relation between organizational structure and effectiveness of communication. The research methodology is survey and correlative. All employees of Marivan education department were chosen as the statistical population that 92 persons of them were chosen through Sampling Morgan Table. The questionnaire was used to collect data. Experts’ view and Cronbach’s alpha was used for the validity and reliability of the inventory. Research data were analyzed by SPSS17 and LISREL 8.50 Software's. Statistical methods of Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The research results showed that organizational structure has a direct and positive relationship with ineffective communication. Also results showed that centralization, complexity and formality had the most influence on ineffective communication in current research sample respectively. In other words with increasing centralization, complexity and formality communication (diagonal ,horizontal, upward and downward) in different levels of organization become ineffective.
Olasunkanmi Owolabi-Merus; Bashir Adesoye Bello
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 994-1004
Abstract
This study empirically investigates the agriculture-economic growth nexus in Nigeria. An economic growth model for Nigeria is specified and estimated through the use of Ordinary Least Squares as well as Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model on annual data spanning from 1980 to 2012. ...
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This study empirically investigates the agriculture-economic growth nexus in Nigeria. An economic growth model for Nigeria is specified and estimated through the use of Ordinary Least Squares as well as Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model on annual data spanning from 1980 to 2012. The empirical result suggests that Agriculture is positively associated with economic growth in Nigeria. Results from this study also indicates that increasing the population of agriculture labour force will impact positively on economic growth. However, Infrastructure and human capital are found to be the key determinants of Nigeria‘s economic growth in the period under review. This study suggests that Nigeria policymakers should develop strategies that are geared towards infrastructure and human capital development in order to maximize the potential of the agricultural sector.
James Ilaboya; Tina Ashafoke
Volume 4, Issue 10 , October 2017, , Pages 1002-1019
Abstract
The study examines the relationship between board diversity and firm performance in Nigeria. The study adopted the cross-sectional research design using data from all the banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2010-2015. The multiple regression technique is the basis of the data analysis, specifically ...
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The study examines the relationship between board diversity and firm performance in Nigeria. The study adopted the cross-sectional research design using data from all the banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2010-2015. The multiple regression technique is the basis of the data analysis, specifically the ordinary least square regression (OLS) technique to estimate the coefficients of the variables in the model specified. The study found a negative and insignificant relationship between ethnic diversity and frim performance; in the same vein, a negative and insignificant relationship was observed between nationality diversity and firm performance; Gender diversity exhibit a negative and significant relationship with firm performance. We recommend that since gender diversity is significant but negative, management and regulatory bodies should make policy statements towards the inclusion of more women to attain the optimum number that will enhance the performance of the firm going by the time-tested theory of critical mass.
Ruhollah Tavallaei; Sajjad Shokohyar; Seyedeh Mehrsa Moosavi; Zahra Sarfi
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 1005-1019
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to present a new Business Intelligence Maturity Model according to the prior models and their available components to review the level of Business Intelligence maturity in organizations. The business maturity helps all organizations to get safe and effective operations ...
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The main purpose of this study is to present a new Business Intelligence Maturity Model according to the prior models and their available components to review the level of Business Intelligence maturity in organizations. The business maturity helps all organizations to get safe and effective operations without extra troubles and, executive expenses and trial & error through reporting and data analyzing. Today we can strongly claim that applying the business intelligence solution in an organization makes it more powerful and discriminates it from the others by the increase in competitiveness. This solution causes organizations to use competitive advantages and pioneer through available information. This is a practical research in which we use a survey descriptive method and matter. The result of the study is to create a new model in order to study the level of business intelligence maturity in the banking industry which has maturity levels including initial, immature, controlled, managed and mature, and effective infrastructures on BI system which contains technology, organizational culture, and rules.
Faouzia Mida; Imed Zaiem
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 1006-1024
Abstract
This paper attempts to propose Tunisian consumers' profile pre-occupied by ecology through the analysis of sociodemographics variables (such as age, sex, and occupation, level of education, revenue and place of residence) and psychographics variables (such as perceived consumer effectiveness, liberal ...
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This paper attempts to propose Tunisian consumers' profile pre-occupied by ecology through the analysis of sociodemographics variables (such as age, sex, and occupation, level of education, revenue and place of residence) and psychographics variables (such as perceived consumer effectiveness, liberal political orientation and behavioral spiritual commitment). To meet this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey next to 300 individuals. The results of the analysis of correlations indicated that the demographics variables age and occupation were significantly correlated with ecological behavior. Also, results show that all of the psychographics variables were significantly correlated with ecological behavior.
Athula Ekanayake; Ravindra Hewa Kuruppuge
Volume 4, Issue 10 , October 2017, , Pages 1020-1039
Abstract
Following the notions of agency and stewardship theories, this study examined the empirical validity of the relationship between governance of family owned businesses and firm performance, employing a sample of 82 family businesses in 5 main commercial districts in Sri Lanka. Governance variables related ...
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Following the notions of agency and stewardship theories, this study examined the empirical validity of the relationship between governance of family owned businesses and firm performance, employing a sample of 82 family businesses in 5 main commercial districts in Sri Lanka. Governance variables related to family ownership, involvement in management and experience were examined in order to assess their influence on firm performance, measured in both financial and non-financial terms. Whilst sales growth was used to measure financial performance, 5-point Likert scale, ranging from much lower to much higher, has been used to assess respondents’ views on non-financial performance of their firms, controlling the cultural factors. The results were in favour of family ownership and family involvement in management both of which influence significantly on financial and non-financial performance of the family owned businesses. But, the study did not support to prove the relationship between experience of owner managers and firm performance.
Morteza Soltani; Morteza Khavari
Volume 2, Issue 9 , September 2015, , Pages 1020-1036
Abstract
Regarding to interpersonal and informal nature of word of mouth, this advertising practice always is considered as a reliable communication source and a potential power playing a critical role in customers’ decision making process. According to the prominence of word of mouth in the customers’ ...
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Regarding to interpersonal and informal nature of word of mouth, this advertising practice always is considered as a reliable communication source and a potential power playing a critical role in customers’ decision making process. According to the prominence of word of mouth in the customers’ decision making process, the present research tried to study some features of listener (background knowledge, purchase involvement) and some features of the speaker or the source (expertise, experience, evidences, and reliability) that cause listener to apply it encountering word of mouth by proposing a model. This is an applied study in term of goal and a descriptive-correlation study in term of methodology. Research statistical population included students of one of Tehran major government universities. Data collected using questionnaire and analyzed by structural equations model using Smart pls2 software. Research results showed that four features of listener are directly related to applying word of mouth by listener. Further, the two factors of purchase involvement and listener background knowledge only moderate the relationship among experience, reliability and the evidences presented by source by using word of mouth.
