MD Tanjil Mollah; Ishtiak Ahmed Sakib
Volume 7, Issue 9 , September 2020, , Pages 506-521
Abstract
Financial statement fraud had the most significant financial impact on companies when compared to the other categories of occupational fraud as per ACFE Report to the Nations 2014. This study aims to determine the value of Beneish M-Score and to identify whether selected pharmaceutical companies were ...
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Financial statement fraud had the most significant financial impact on companies when compared to the other categories of occupational fraud as per ACFE Report to the Nations 2014. This study aims to determine the value of Beneish M-Score and to identify whether selected pharmaceutical companies were manipulating there earnings or not. Financial information of 14 pharmaceutical companies was collected from their annual reports of 2014-18. This study finds that pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh are engaged in Earnings Manipulation and they are doing it on a continuous basis. The results of our study show a deteriorating financial condition of pharmaceutical industry which should make the auditors and regulators more cautious in detecting financial statement frauds.
Uzma Anjum; Junaid Aftab; Qurrat-ul-Ain Sultan; Mohammad Ahmed
Volume 3, Issue 9 , September 2016, , Pages 509-520
Abstract
The current study focuses on the service quality factors which influence customer satisfaction in telecom industry of Pakistan. Customer satisfaction can be built up when brand satisfies the requirements and cravings of clients. Therefore, we took five service quality dimensions (empathy, reliability, ...
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The current study focuses on the service quality factors which influence customer satisfaction in telecom industry of Pakistan. Customer satisfaction can be built up when brand satisfies the requirements and cravings of clients. Therefore, we took five service quality dimensions (empathy, reliability, assurance, responsiveness & tangibility) as predicting variables towards criterion variable customer satisfaction. This research was carried out on customers of telecom sector. An aggregate of 320 questionnaires were distributed among the customers of telecom industry of Pakistan through electronic forms as well as simple forms out of which 255 forms were returned i.e. response rate was79.7%. The outcomes of statistical tests demonstrate that three out of five predictor variables i.e. assurance, responsiveness and reliability have positive impact on customer satisfaction while empathy and tangibility have no significant influence on customer satisfaction. Research limitations and future plans also discussed in this research.
Farhad Azizi
Volume 5, Issue 7 , July 2018, , Pages 516-534
Abstract
Managers smooth profits for any reasons. One of the core objectives in earnings management is to create a more stable flow in order to support higher level of interest payable. More stable profit flow may view as lower risk, which may lead to higher stock price and less cost of borrowing. Earnings management ...
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Managers smooth profits for any reasons. One of the core objectives in earnings management is to create a more stable flow in order to support higher level of interest payable. More stable profit flow may view as lower risk, which may lead to higher stock price and less cost of borrowing. Earnings management also focuses on enterprise management inclination to enhance investors’ expectation and to reduce firm’s risk. Due to increased profit stability and reduced fluctuations, investors may provide more accurate prediction on future profits. The present research studies the effect of information asymmetry and mutual funds ownership on earnings management among companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research statistical population included all mutual funds during 2011-2016. This is an applied study in term of purpose; and it is essentially a descriptive-correlation study. The present research analyzes earnings management through using Dechow and Dichev model. The model deals with the relationship between accruals and cash flows to measure earnings management. Research results showed that information asymmetry has no effect on earnings management. In addition, there is a significant relationship between funds classification and earnings management, which may influence earnings management. Research results may be applied for all listed companies, investors, and stock exchange.
Mansoor Mahini Zadeh; Elahe Mahmoodi; Majid Mahmoodi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 517-526
Abstract
This paper determines the degree of capital mobility and saving- investment association by using the Feldstein- Horioka (1980) approach among Middle East and North African (MENA) countries during 1990-2011. According to the Feldstein- Horioka hypothesis, in a country with high degree of capital mobility ...
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This paper determines the degree of capital mobility and saving- investment association by using the Feldstein- Horioka (1980) approach among Middle East and North African (MENA) countries during 1990-2011. According to the Feldstein- Horioka hypothesis, in a country with high degree of capital mobility there should be no relationship between domestic saving and domestic investment and inversely, in a country with low degree of capital mobility there is a high correlation between domestic saving and domestic investment. Using panel data and employing Random effect Model to estimate the model, the obtained results show that capital is highly mobile in these countries.
Accounting
Hamidreza Hajeb; Mohammad Banafi; Javad Nejatpour
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on the relationship between related party transactions and audit fees. In this study, board size and duality role of CEO were selected as corporate governance mechanisms and their effect on the relationship between ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on the relationship between related party transactions and audit fees. In this study, board size and duality role of CEO were selected as corporate governance mechanisms and their effect on the relationship between related party transactions and audit fees among 93 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the 10-year period of 2011-2020 were investigated. For this purpose, three hypotheses were formulated to investigate this issue and research regression models were tested using the panel data method with the fixed effects approach. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between related party transactions and audit fees. The results also indicate that corporate governance mechanisms (board size, CEO duality) have a negative and significant effect on the relationship between related party transactions and audit fees. In fact, the results indicate that auditors are increasing their audit efforts (reflecting audit fees) to address the risk associated with related party transactions. It also minimizes conflicts of interest, opportunistic behaviors of managers and, consequently, the risk associated with related party transactions by applying appropriate regulatory mechanisms.
Sothan Yoeung; Thamvoant Sinsen; Ripeng Roem; Nuthsethiseth Loy; Sokun Ros
Volume 4, Issue 5 , May 2017, , Pages 519-541
Abstract
The study investigated the structural relationships among perceived organizational support, knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, and students’ learning performance in Higher Education Institutions and then extended the mediating effect of knowledge creation to explain the relationship between ...
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The study investigated the structural relationships among perceived organizational support, knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, and students’ learning performance in Higher Education Institutions and then extended the mediating effect of knowledge creation to explain the relationship between perceived organizational support and knowledge transfer. Knowledge transfer served as mediator between knowledge creation, perceived organizational support, and students’ learning performance. The target samples were drawn from six Higher Education Institutions in Siem Reap, Cambodia. A total of 763 respondents were used as the research sample. Structural equation modeling and Sobel’s were employed to test the proposed research framework. The results indicated that all the direct path relationships among the research variables were statistically significant. Knowledge creation and knowledge transfer, moreover, were confirmed as mediation the relationship among research constructs. Direct effect of knowledge creation was positively significant to students’ learning performance, whereas expected perceived organizational support was not found to directly effects on students’ learning performance. The findings of this study are used to fulfill the gap of literature and empirical study.
Wisdom Wise Kwabla Pomegbe; Wenyuan Li; Courage Simon Kofi Dogbe; Charles Oduro Acheampong Otoo
Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2019, , Pages 521-541
Abstract
The study examined the impact of outsourcing performance on overall firm performance, and the moderating role of monitoring.Seventy-seven(77) operations or branch managers of banks in the Ashanti region were sampled for the study. A hierarchical regression model was employed after the validity and reliability ...
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The study examined the impact of outsourcing performance on overall firm performance, and the moderating role of monitoring.Seventy-seven(77) operations or branch managers of banks in the Ashanti region were sampled for the study. A hierarchical regression model was employed after the validity and reliability of the measurement items were checked using Confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicate that outsourcing performance significantly influences overall bank performance. Monitoring had a positive effect on overall bank performance. Furthermore, monitoring was also found to moderate the effect of outsourcing performance on overall bank performance. Since outsourcing is concluded to enhance overall performance with effective monitoring, banks must therefore ensure that they don’t just engage the services of outsourcing agents to perform their non-core business activities or functions for them, without putting in place the right monitoring mechanisms. The banks must therefore ensure that they put in place the right monitoring mechanisms in place to deter workers from engaging in activities that are not related to their main task in order to benefits from the outsourcing program.The study is novel as not much has been done in the banking industry regarding the performance of outsourcing activities of banks in Ghana. Theoretically, empirical studies to test the moderating effect of monitoring on the relationship between outsourcing activities performance and overall bank performance is limited.
Parvaneh Salatin; Tahereh Jahani
Volume 3, Issue 9 , September 2016, , Pages 521-531
Abstract
Regulatory Burden implies the part where government policies that increase or decrease market activity those terms of two sub-indices, the strength of enterprises and financial institutions and market size is measured. In this regard, the rules are explicit, they are easier to implement. With the multiplicity ...
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Regulatory Burden implies the part where government policies that increase or decrease market activity those terms of two sub-indices, the strength of enterprises and financial institutions and market size is measured. In this regard, the rules are explicit, they are easier to implement. With the multiplicity and complexity of regulations, provisions will be faced with the more problems which will lead to negative consequences such as corruption and bribery, the expansion of informal activities in the black economy. The main aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between the theoretical and the impact of Regulatory Burden of the black economy in selected countries OECD. The results of the model, fixed effects group selected countries for 2013-2002 period show that Regulatory Burden had significant negative impact on the black economy group selected countries.
Yasas L. Pathiranage; Lakmini V. K. Jayatilake; Ruwan Abeysekera
Volume 7, Issue 9 , September 2020, , Pages 522-544
Abstract
Syntheses of existing literature provide a framework for a broader understanding of the current state of the organizational culture. This literature review synthesized the relevant literature pertaining to the role of organizational culture on business performance in a perspective of the corporate group. ...
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Syntheses of existing literature provide a framework for a broader understanding of the current state of the organizational culture. This literature review synthesized the relevant literature pertaining to the role of organizational culture on business performance in a perspective of the corporate group. The literature review comprised various published sources on the role of organizational culture, such as journals, periodicals, seminal books, and other published materials. The review focused on the conceptualization, measurement and examines various dimensions of organizational culture on corporate performance. After analysis of a wide range of renowned literature, it was found that organizational culture has a strong impact on the organizational performance. Empirical evidences further showed that lack of cultural integration between member companies was a primary cause of failure in corporate groups. Therefore, it is ascertained that cultural enhancing would result performance enhancement. Business managers are recommended to establish an effective organizational culture in order to enhance corporate performance. Therefore, how an effective organizational culture is established to enhance the corporate performance can be recognized as a needed research scope. Moreover, this paper highlighted the prevailing theoretical and empirical gaps in the area of organizational culture towards corporate performance, and hence the findings may be useful for future similar studies.
Adel Shakeeb Mohsen
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 527-537
Abstract
This study attempts to test the effect of exports and investment on the Syrian economy over the period 1960-2010. The cointegration test indicates that GDP is positively and significantly related to exports and investment. The Granger causality test indicates unidirectional causality relationship running ...
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This study attempts to test the effect of exports and investment on the Syrian economy over the period 1960-2010. The cointegration test indicates that GDP is positively and significantly related to exports and investment. The Granger causality test indicates unidirectional causality relationship running from exports to GDP, and bidirectional causality relationships between investment and GDP in the short and long run. The study result indicates that the government's economic policy in enhancing exports and encouraging investment was a successful policy to improve the Syrian economy.
Management
Mohammad Taghi Taghavifard; Roya Hejazinia
Abstract
The public sector should be equipped with new communication technologies such as social media to improve the quality of services. Social media as a new channel of government services leads to the emergence of E-government 2.0 and the realization of E-democracy. Meanwhile, identifying the beneficiaries ...
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The public sector should be equipped with new communication technologies such as social media to improve the quality of services. Social media as a new channel of government services leads to the emergence of E-government 2.0 and the realization of E-democracy. Meanwhile, identifying the beneficiaries and users of the above-mentioned technology, as well as the variety of services which can be provided is highly significant. The present study aimed to explain the concept of E-government 2.0 and identify users and a variety of services that can be provided on social media in developing countries by focusing on information and communication technology offices. Therefore, the mixed research method was used to achieve the research objective. In the qualitative phase, library surveys and semi-structured interviews were used while and in the quantitative phase, the researcher-made questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The results indicated that E-government 2.0 users are divided into two general groups of internal and external users while E-government 2.0 services are divided into five general categories including information services, financial-operational services, crisis management services, data services, and customized services. Conducting such a study was considered significant since E-government 2.0 literature paid less attention to the diversity of services and types of users. Using the results obtained from the study, it can be expected that managers and government sectors can plan and decide how to provide services to different groups of users. The result is the increased quality of services and the realization of e-democracy.
Wilberforce Senelwa; Elegwa Mukulu; John Kihoro
Volume 3, Issue 9 , September 2016, , Pages 532-544
Abstract
This paper examines the extent to which academic entrepreneurial intentions influences the creation of University Spin-offs firms from various significant viewpoints. Commercialization and technology transfer of innovations from universities and other research institutions is progressively considered ...
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This paper examines the extent to which academic entrepreneurial intentions influences the creation of University Spin-offs firms from various significant viewpoints. Commercialization and technology transfer of innovations from universities and other research institutions is progressively considered by scholars and policymakers as the key ingredient in the developing and sustaining regional economic growth. It is always argued that; for effective conversion of research findings into new business venture, a close collaboration of the government –university – industry must be active, the connection of individual academic and prevailing university environment forms the requisite solid foundation of academic entrepreneurship. This is resolutely determined by the entrepreneurial intentions of the researcher towards commercializing the final findings to meet a crucial market need on one hand or through a creation of a spin-off firm on the other hand. Finally, this article develops a conceptual framework that explains the relationship between academic entrepreneurial intentions, university context and creation of university spin-offs firms.
Usman Ullah Khan; Adil Ahmad Noor; Majid Ali
Volume 5, Issue 7 , July 2018, , Pages 535-552
Abstract
This study investigates the determinants of balance of payments for Pakistan between 1981 and 2016. This paper using ARDL bounds testing approach. ARDL technique is used to find the short run and long run relationship of these variables with BOP. The result shows that all of exchange rate, FDI, inflation ...
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This study investigates the determinants of balance of payments for Pakistan between 1981 and 2016. This paper using ARDL bounds testing approach. ARDL technique is used to find the short run and long run relationship of these variables with BOP. The result shows that all of exchange rate, FDI, inflation and GDP have negative relationship with Balance of payment of Pakistan. The empirical results obtained in this paper recommend the policy to decrease balance of payment fluctuations, Pakistan government has to work on both fiscal and monetary policies and structural adjustment in order to encourage and attract private investment flows, target inflation and increase trade.
Mahmoud Nozarpour; Hamid Norouzi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 538-546
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of capital structure and growth opportunities on earnings management in companies accepted in Tehran securities exchange during 2008 to 2013. Before data analysis, Chow test was applied to determine the appropriate model to estimate parameters ...
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The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of capital structure and growth opportunities on earnings management in companies accepted in Tehran securities exchange during 2008 to 2013. Before data analysis, Chow test was applied to determine the appropriate model to estimate parameters and independent variables effect on dependent variable. Then, research hypotheses were tested through pooled data method. Research results showed that there is a significant relationship between capital structure index financial leverage and earnings management. Also, research showed that there is a nonlinear and significant relationship between growth opportunities and earnings management and growth opportunities have a significant effect on this relationship.
Seyed Jaber Hoseini Siahdashti
Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2019, , Pages 542-550
Abstract
The culture of packaging the manufactured products for the purpose of offering and selling in the target markets is a special case that has taken a special position in recent years and plays an effective role in the sales of a unit. This research was conducted to examine the role of food packaging in ...
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The culture of packaging the manufactured products for the purpose of offering and selling in the target markets is a special case that has taken a special position in recent years and plays an effective role in the sales of a unit. This research was conducted to examine the role of food packaging in terms of design and color in consumer purchasing behavior. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic in terms of the nature and objectives of the research and the specificity of the method of collecting information in relation to the desired subject. The collection of information is also based on library literature and research papers in the field of management, marketing and interpretation of articles in the field of art. The basis of this work is based on the analyst and inference of the researcher and in terms of using the results is an applied survey. The results of this research showed that how consumers’ perceive of the value of products that are packaged through communication elements affects their decision. Today's consumers are not only looking to buy things that are practical for them, but also they are trying to meet some of their psychological needs. The visual stimuli in packaging tend to attract the attention of consumers and guide them into understanding diverse products; these perceptions affect consumer purchasing decisions. It is clear that consumers are aware of packaging-based products. Charming graphics and colors lead to a lasting effect on consumer purchasing decisions. It is suggested that by addressing the structure and type of packaging, physical aspects and long-term communication with the client, we encourage him to succeed and thus increase market share. The structure and packaging should also be studied continuously.
Usef Ramezani; Ali Asghar Mohammadzadeh Aval
Volume 4, Issue 5 , May 2017, , Pages 542-553
Abstract
Today, the quality of insurance services is the determining factor in the success of a company in a competitive environment. Knowledge sharing will contribute to improving the quality of services in insurance companies. This study examines the impact of knowledge sharing on the quality of insurance services. ...
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Today, the quality of insurance services is the determining factor in the success of a company in a competitive environment. Knowledge sharing will contribute to improving the quality of services in insurance companies. This study examines the impact of knowledge sharing on the quality of insurance services. In terms of the purpose of the study, the method of study is applied and in terms of data collection is descriptive correlation. The population consisted of all employees and corporate clients of group therapy field of Dana insurance company in Mashhad, the sample size is equal to all members of society for all. The measurement tool is a questionnaire, its validity was confirmed, according to experts in the field of management, and reliability is obtained (82.0, 78/0) using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for knowledge sharing and variable quality of insurance services, respectively. The results of structural equation modeling using LISREL software indicates that knowledge sharing does not have significant effect on the quality of insurance services; but aspects of knowledge sharing, including outright transfers, expertise and strategic has positive and significant effect on the quality of insurance services in Dana insurance company in Mashhad.
Management
Nurhizam Safie Mohd Satar; Omkar Dastane; Azizan H Morshidi
Abstract
An ample of studies have recently been conducted to explore and analyze the predictors of students’ e-learning satisfaction (ELS) during the COVID 19 pandemic lockdown. However, research is scarce on investigating mediating roles of key aspects, such as students’ learning stress (SLS) and ...
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An ample of studies have recently been conducted to explore and analyze the predictors of students’ e-learning satisfaction (ELS) during the COVID 19 pandemic lockdown. However, research is scarce on investigating mediating roles of key aspects, such as students’ learning stress (SLS) and students’ willingness to learn (SWL). This research intends to investigate mediating effect of SLS and SWL in relationships among selected IT characteristics factors and ELS during lockdown enforced to curb the COVID 19 pandemic. Selected factors of IT characteristics are IT complexity, IT pace change and IT presenteeism. The data was collected through online questionnaire survey on 470 students in Malaysia selected by employing the convenience sampling during the Movement Control Order period when universities and colleges shifted to online learning platforms. The data was then subjected purification, assessment of normality and reliability. Thereafter, confirmatory factor analysis and validity assessment were conducted. Finally, hypotheses were tested by formulating structural equation model using IBM SPSS AMOS 24.0. The mediation effects were tested by developing parallel mediation structural model. The findings show that SLS fully mediates relationship between IT pace change and ELS. Students’ willingness to study fully mediates relationships between IT presenteeism and IT pace change with ELS.
Thales Batiston Marques; Nelson Seixas dos Santos
Volume 3, Issue 10 , October 2016, , Pages 545-571
Abstract
This paper investigates the relation between political news and market returns. To do so we applied a Garch filter to a sample of the main Brazilian stock market index returns (Ibovespa Index) and of short-term interest rates (Selic Over and DI) which ranged from 01/02/2014 to 04/29/2016. Then we looked ...
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This paper investigates the relation between political news and market returns. To do so we applied a Garch filter to a sample of the main Brazilian stock market index returns (Ibovespa Index) and of short-term interest rates (Selic Over and DI) which ranged from 01/02/2014 to 04/29/2016. Then we looked for periods of abnormal volatility which might be associated with political events using a parametric and a nonparametric method. Notwithstanding there were news like important politician been arrested and even speculation about the beginning of an impeachment process, we found relation between abnormal volatilities and political news only in Ibovespa returns during Presidential Elections.
Roghayyeh Aminikhah
Volume 7, Issue 9 , September 2020, , Pages 545-557
Abstract
Existence of high uncertainty in economic fields and consequently need to efficient tools for covering risk resulted from these uncertainties is evident for everybody. One of the economical fields of our country which necessitate these tools is real estate and particularly leasing. Traditional contracts ...
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Existence of high uncertainty in economic fields and consequently need to efficient tools for covering risk resulted from these uncertainties is evident for everybody. One of the economical fields of our country which necessitate these tools is real estate and particularly leasing. Traditional contracts which are currently used are not satisfying the current needs and conditions any more. There are many tools which can develop them according to the landlords and tenants’ needs. At first, the expressions for options are described in this research. Then, the option and its role in land leasing contracts is discussed. Finally, the approaches for valuation of option of leasing contract are presented which is confirmed in Iran in addition to the validity of the model.
Mansour Dehghan; Mahdi Ghafoorifard; Babak Shamsi; Seyed Hamid Seyed Heydari
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 547-557
Abstract
Recently, the growth of information technology and increasing competition among banks has considerably affected attracting customers. Banking industry has made great changes to transform into the core banking. The present study aims to assess the effect of the implementation of core banking services ...
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Recently, the growth of information technology and increasing competition among banks has considerably affected attracting customers. Banking industry has made great changes to transform into the core banking. The present study aims to assess the effect of the implementation of core banking services on profitability. These services, as different branches of electronic banking, are consisting of internet banking, mobile banking, telephone banking, point of sale (POS), ATM, and electronic money which are all tested in the current study. In order to test research hypotheses and the existing relationship between variables, needed data has been collected and analyzed through the application of stepwise regression model. The achieved findings indicate a significant relationship between the application of internet banking and ATM and the variable of profitability, while there is no significant relationship between the application of telephone banking, mobile banking, POS, and electronic money and profitability.
Ahmad Azmy
Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2019, , Pages 551-568
Abstract
This research evaluates the recruitment program lecturer at the Tanri Abeng University. Evaluation model used is CIPP (Context, Product, Process, and Product). Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The purpose of this research is to analyze and provide recommendations ...
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This research evaluates the recruitment program lecturer at the Tanri Abeng University. Evaluation model used is CIPP (Context, Product, Process, and Product). Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The purpose of this research is to analyze and provide recommendations resulting from the recruitment of lecturers in achieving the mission of the university. The results of the study explained that the implementation of the recruitment is in line with procedures to be decided by the university. Recruitment of lecturers planned include the use of resources, organizational structure involved in recruitment, faculty requirements planning, job design, recruitment formulation as a medium of information, formulation stages of selection and admission standards with more detail at every stage of selection. Budget and facilities should be increased to smooth recruitment activities. The role of the Human Resources Unit shall be increased in recruitment activities with the help of Academic lecturer on administrative selection process in accordance with scientific linearity. Planning needs of lecturers are already well underway through intensive communication between programs of study and academic. Consistency between the stages of selection and admission standards have been implemented in accordance with procedures. Intensive communication should be run between the university and study programs in all of their recruitment procedures according to provisions university. Results of faculty recruitment program that the candidate can meet the obligations Tri Darma in accordance with the provisions of the university well and meet the student satisfaction
Aloysius Haryo Nugroho; L Liswandi
Volume 5, Issue 7 , July 2018, , Pages 553-565
Abstract
This study examined the influence of employer attractiveness, corporate reputation, and the use of social media towards intention to apply for a job at Schneider Electric Indonesia. This study used quantitative research with multiple regression model. There were 100 fresh graduate students selected randomly ...
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This study examined the influence of employer attractiveness, corporate reputation, and the use of social media towards intention to apply for a job at Schneider Electric Indonesia. This study used quantitative research with multiple regression model. There were 100 fresh graduate students selected randomly as respondents of the research. The findings of this study showed that employer attractiveness, corporate reputation, and the use of social media has significant influence toward Intention to apply for a job at Schneider Electric Indonesia. The result also showed that employer attractiveness, corporate reputation had significant influence, while the use of social media did not give a significant influence with intention to apply for a job.
Nagip Skenderi; Xhavit Islami; Enis Mulolli
Volume 4, Issue 5 , May 2017, , Pages 554-564
Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between the informal economy and the development of SMEs in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the informal economy, its causes, effects and its impact on business, as well as government policies to combat the informal economy which is a barrier to business ...
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This paper discusses the relationship between the informal economy and the development of SMEs in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the informal economy, its causes, effects and its impact on business, as well as government policies to combat the informal economy which is a barrier to business development in Kosovo. During the period of transition, the number of small and medium businesses increased significantly, but their existence depends on external factors, such as informality. The informal economy is present in countries that are structurally and economically fragile, a structure which enables businesses to leave out the formal way of doing business. To meet the objective of this paper we usedthe observation method to analyze the data from different authors and reports about the informal economy and the development of SMEs. Among the key factors for the growth of informality are high taxes which are seen as an obstacle to business growth. According to the outcomes of this paper, we conclude that the informal economy is an obstacle to SME development in Kosovo. This study makes a significant contribution to the scientific and academic value, to the informal economy in the development of SMEs in Kosovo, in the region and beyond.
Amin Reza Kamalian; Meisam Ghasemnezhad
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 558-570
Abstract
Today, competitive advantages of businesses with various products are dependent on a competitive analysis and developing a relevant strategy. One of the effective frameworks by which one can assess business portfolios is the General Electric (GE) Matrix, which itself focuses on two aspects namely market ...
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Today, competitive advantages of businesses with various products are dependent on a competitive analysis and developing a relevant strategy. One of the effective frameworks by which one can assess business portfolios is the General Electric (GE) Matrix, which itself focuses on two aspects namely market attractiveness and the business strengths. Therefore, this study asks what is the contribution of each of Chabahar Fishery Cluster’s business units, as far as the competitive advantages and relevant strategies of each unit are concerned? The objective of the study is then defined as how to identify the gap between market attractiveness in fishing industry and potentials of Chabahar Fishery Cluster and to provide appropriate strategies in line with the GE Matrix. Chabahar Fishery Cluster’s managers have been chosen as the target statistical population of the study. Marketing Management software is used to analyze data and results show those units which produced canned fish enjoyed better positions among other parts of the Cluster.
Patrick Kweku Gbolonyo; Gideon B Boyetey; Xiaorong Yang
Abstract
Inflation persistence (or inertia) has been a problem in many developing countries and due to the relationship between inflation and economic growth, much research has been conducted on the literature to study closely these macroeconomic variables in developing countries (Brick, 2010; Gokal and Hanif, ...
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Inflation persistence (or inertia) has been a problem in many developing countries and due to the relationship between inflation and economic growth, much research has been conducted on the literature to study closely these macroeconomic variables in developing countries (Brick, 2010; Gokal and Hanif, 2004). This paper however made use of a superior method known as quantile autoregressive model proposed by Koenker and Xiao (2006) to estimate the persistence of inflation, the dynamic behavior and examine how diverse shocks may perhaps affect the rate of inflation within different quantiles. The data employed in this study is the monthly year-on-year Ghana inflation rate from January 2000 to July 2019. The result shows that Ghana inflation rates exhibits low persistence at both lower and higher quantiles and a mean reversion behavior across quantiles. Also, we observe that Ghana inflation rate is globally stationary as well as portraying non-stationary behavior in about 10% of the sampled observations. Evidently, the results again reveal that Ghana inflation rate has irregular characteristics at different quantiles in its conditional distribution. Also, there is a bidirectional relationship between Ghana overall inflation rate and its components (food and non-food inflation).
