Qaisar Iqbal; Basheer Ahmad; Adeel Nasim
Volume 3, Issue 12 , December 2016, , Pages 822-836
Abstract
This study explores moderating role of branch managers as gender on the service quality and customer’s loyalty in Private Banks of Pakistan. This study seeks additional insights through comparison of the strength of influence of gender as male and female. Data was collected using convenient sampling ...
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This study explores moderating role of branch managers as gender on the service quality and customer’s loyalty in Private Banks of Pakistan. This study seeks additional insights through comparison of the strength of influence of gender as male and female. Data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 175 respondents of two large private banks through self-administered questionnaire. Statistical software package for social sciences was employed for data analysis Regression analysis and Andrew Hayes methodology of moderation has been used to analyze data. Response rate in this study was 87.50%.there is significant relationship of service quality with customer’s loyalty. Gender moderates the association of service quality and customer’s loyalty. But, impact of male gender is higher than female as moderator on relationship of service quality and customer’s loyalty. Male branch managers moderate the association of service quality and customer’s loyalty. There is non-significant impact of female branch managers on the relationship of service quality and customer’s loyalty. This study will help the management of banks to assess and improve level of service quality in retail banking in order to retain existing customers, grasp new customers and enhance their loyalty.
Maryam Sarikhani Khorrami; Mohammad Rahim Esfidani; Sajad Delavari
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 823-837
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify the effect of situational factors on impulse buying and compulsive buying. For achieving the goal, through a review of past studies, factors that were involved in this issue, were identified. Time pressure, available money, variety of selection, store environment, ...
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The aim of this study is to identify the effect of situational factors on impulse buying and compulsive buying. For achieving the goal, through a review of past studies, factors that were involved in this issue, were identified. Time pressure, available money, variety of selection, store environment, word of mouth, social norm, impulse buying and compulsive buying are variables that designed our model. The present study is a quantitative research with descriptive approach, where required data were gathered through questionnaires. Iranian purchasers who purchase clothing were selected as the research population. Data was analysed using LISREL Software. The results of the research show that available money and word of mouth have significant effect on impulse buying and impulse buying has significant effect on compulsive buying. Also it was found that variables of time pressure, variety of selection, store environment, and social norm have no significant effect on impulse buying.
Pizus Biswas
Volume 5, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 829-848
Abstract
This research investigates the behavior of the managers of the Bangladeshi firms in applying Earnings manipulation through the technique of Accruals Earnings Management (AEM). This study examines whether the firm managers of Bangladesh involve themselves in earnings manipulation in the form of accruals ...
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This research investigates the behavior of the managers of the Bangladeshi firms in applying Earnings manipulation through the technique of Accruals Earnings Management (AEM). This study examines whether the firm managers of Bangladesh involve themselves in earnings manipulation in the form of accruals earnings management that whether they beat of meat the earnings benchmarks in the context of Return on Assets, Changes in Return on Assets, Earnings per Shares and Changes in Earnings per Shares. The modified Cross Sectional Jones (1991) model has been applied to estimate the proxy for accruals earnings management (Abnormal Accruals) by using a 1652 firm-years observations of 168 companies of 10 industries (excluding Banking Industry, Financial Institutions, Insurance Industries and Telecommunication industries) over the 15 years from 2002 to 2016. Managers of other variables of accruals earnings management activities, this research reports that there is no evidence of earnings manipulation in the form of accruals earnings management from the evidence from Bangladeshi firms.
Moses Babatunde Olanisebe; Rabiu ADO
Volume 6, Issue 11 , November 2019, , Pages 831-843
Abstract
This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on working capital management of listed Downstream Oil and Gas Companies in Nigeria. The study uses panel data for eight (8) companies for the period 13 years (2005 – 2017). There are several aspects and dimensions of ownership structure, which ...
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This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on working capital management of listed Downstream Oil and Gas Companies in Nigeria. The study uses panel data for eight (8) companies for the period 13 years (2005 – 2017). There are several aspects and dimensions of ownership structure, which may influence a firm’s working capital management but this study focuses on three characteristic of ownership structure: namely ownership concentration, managerial shareholding and institutional ownership. Firm’s working capital management has been measured through Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC). Findings indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between ownership structure and firm’s working capital management as measured by CCC. This paper recommends that the code on owner's equity of listed downstream oil and gas companies in Nigeria should be sustained and encouraged so that the firms can have a perpetual life, because the stake of this owners could serve as a check and balance mechanism to further strengthen the corporate governance of the downstream oil and gas companies in order to give room for enhanced effective working capital management.
Qaisar Iqbal
Volume 3, Issue 12 , December 2016, , Pages 837-851
Abstract
There is intense pressure over organizations to survive in the ever-changing world of competition. Human resource is a prime factor that has no alternative and substitute. Success of any organization is highly dependent upon quality of human resource. This study investigates inter play of job crafting ...
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There is intense pressure over organizations to survive in the ever-changing world of competition. Human resource is a prime factor that has no alternative and substitute. Success of any organization is highly dependent upon quality of human resource. This study investigates inter play of job crafting , organizational commitment and moderating role of person-job fit in banking sector of Pakistan..200 questionnaires were floated at email addresses of employees working at branch level of bank. Response rate in this study is 84%.Regression analyses and Andrew Hayes Technique of moderation has been used to perform data analysis. There is significant impact of job crafting over organizational commitment of employees. Person-Job Fit is playing its role as moderator with job crafting and organizational commitment.it is of high significance that with increasing value of person-job fit, its moderating impact decreases.
Maryam Nooradi; Tooraj Sadeghi
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 838-845
Abstract
Various internal and external factors have influence on the consumers’ behavior among which personality and demographic characteristics fall into the first category. Classification of consumers based on common personality traits is one of the methods used in marketing. The current research aimed ...
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Various internal and external factors have influence on the consumers’ behavior among which personality and demographic characteristics fall into the first category. Classification of consumers based on common personality traits is one of the methods used in marketing. The current research aimed to investigate the relationship of personality traits and demographic characteristics with the performance of Samsung mobile phone brand at mobile phone market in Mashhad. To do so, 384 of those customers who were in market were sampled. NEO five-factor inquiry about personality traits will be the technique of information-gathering. In order to analyze the research data using SPSS statistic program, indices and statistic tests in terms of mean, standard deviation and Pierson’s correlation coefficient were used. Findings resulted from the correlation test proved that there is a positive correlation between brand performance and personality traits such as extraversion and conscientiousness and between brand performance and level of income, as well.
Nader Naghshbandi; Vineet Chouhan; Shubham Goswami
Volume 4, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 842-856
Abstract
Humans are having unlimited potential for growth and development which is measured in an organisation under Performance appraisal System (PAS). PAS is the process of analyzing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee, that is a two way communication process. It involves an active ...
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Humans are having unlimited potential for growth and development which is measured in an organisation under Performance appraisal System (PAS). PAS is the process of analyzing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee, that is a two way communication process. It involves an active communication between employee and supervisor about performance. PAS can be measured by a system of evaluation but since there is no unanimous system exists the companies are using any one or their own system. Their system of PAS may be older one and sometime unable to measures the performance of the employees. Hence in this paper a company CCI is selected which has given the time and information to analyse their system and an improved system made by the researchers already were also used by taking a census survey of all employees of the company. To test the hypothesis independent sample t test was used with SPSS-19 software. It was found that the company’s current PA system has some hidden difficulties and the new system is able to measure the employees potential in well manner.
Alex Antwi-Adjei; Kong Yusheng; Samuel Asubonteng
Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2019, , Pages 844-861
Abstract
Emerging post-financial crisis research in Africa recently suggest a strong linkage between poor corporate governance and the non-transparency in the financial institutions involved, leading to loss of investor confidence and other ramifying effects. This has reignited the need to progressively re-examine ...
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Emerging post-financial crisis research in Africa recently suggest a strong linkage between poor corporate governance and the non-transparency in the financial institutions involved, leading to loss of investor confidence and other ramifying effects. This has reignited the need to progressively re-examine or rethink the gaps in existing financial regulatory framework in accordance with acceptable corporate governance standards. Our study reviewed and tested the influence of four voluntary disclosure attributes namely; a percentage of family members on boards, extant of independent committee of audit, existence of more important personalities and the proportion of non-dependent directors of CG, as promulgated by the Bank of Ghana. An adjusted relative disclosure was used in this study. We noted the prevalence of a committee of auditors is positively and significantly connected to a degree of deliberate disclosure, whereas, a higher number of family members on the board attenuates effective voluntary disclosure. The outcomes give empirical proof to back Ghana’s financial regulatory authorities.
Fariba Bagherinia; Hassan Bagherinia; Seyed Rahim Mosavi
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 846-857
Abstract
Unemployment of university graduates is one of the critical problems of the society. The unemployed university graduate does not have the opportunity to use what they have learned and have no way to enter thework market. This indicates necessity of more coordination between higher education system and ...
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Unemployment of university graduates is one of the critical problems of the society. The unemployed university graduate does not have the opportunity to use what they have learned and have no way to enter thework market. This indicates necessity of more coordination between higher education system and the industry and between the graduate’s capabilities and the industries’ need for work force. Through this, the limited resources available to higher education system is utilized in a more optimal manner. The present study is an attempt to assess the student’s attitude toward entrepreneurship in light of higher education curriculum. To this end, Esfarayen University of technology was studied as case study. Data gathering tool was attitude toward entrepreneurship questionnaire. As revealed by the results, the students tended to have neutral attitude toward business and there was no significant difference between students of different fields in this regard. However, boys and girls had significant difference as to their attitude toward business. With these results, the targets of the 20 years outlook to support entrepreneurship in higher education are not going to be met. To make the higher education curriculum more responsive to variety of challenges and needs it is notable that entrepreneurship training and empowerment through the curriculum must be taken as a new necessity by curriculum planners of Iran’s higher education system.
Mina Jami; Amir Shams Koloukhi
Volume 5, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 849-860
Abstract
This study examines the determinants of capital structure and performance in the listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Information of the financial statements of the sample companies were extracted using Rahavardnovin Software. Statistical population included listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange ...
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This study examines the determinants of capital structure and performance in the listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Information of the financial statements of the sample companies were extracted using Rahavardnovin Software. Statistical population included listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange since 2012-2017 from which 123 companies were selected as the sample. The model of the study was estimated using least squares method. Based on the results, the effect of company size, financial leverage, and advertisement cost on the performance was found to be significant. Also, the effect of company size, company age, sale volume, and total earnings on the capital structure was significant. In conclusion, some suggestions were offered.
Soosan Salehi; Mohammad Reza Abdoli; Mehdi Eskandari
Volume 4, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 857-879
Abstract
Overconfidence is one of the critical concepts of modern behavioral finance highly interested in financial theories and psychology. The main objective of the present research is to study the relationship between managers’ overconfidence and financing decisions (capital structure) concentrated on ...
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Overconfidence is one of the critical concepts of modern behavioral finance highly interested in financial theories and psychology. The main objective of the present research is to study the relationship between managers’ overconfidence and financing decisions (capital structure) concentrated on ownership structure in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research time span is from 2011 to 2015 (a 5-year period). Results of testing research hypotheses of 146 firms revealed that overconfidence and ownership type have no significant effect on financial decisions. In addition, ownership type and institutional owner ration showed no significant effect on the relationship between overconfidence and financial decisions. Whereas, according to the obtained results, institutional owner ratio significantly influences financial decisions.
Oyeniran Ishola Wasiu; Babatunde Kazeem Alasinrin
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 858-871
Abstract
This study investigates the presence of environmental Kuznets curve (non-linear relationship between pollution and the per capita income) in Nigeria, Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali and Senegal and Gabon. In the study, pollution is regressed on per capita income, squared per capita income, trade intensity, ...
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This study investigates the presence of environmental Kuznets curve (non-linear relationship between pollution and the per capita income) in Nigeria, Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali and Senegal and Gabon. In the study, pollution is regressed on per capita income, squared per capita income, trade intensity, foreign direct investment and population density price. Panel estimation technique and ordinary least square were used to obtain required estimates for all selected countries and individual economies. The study established the presence of environmental Kuznets curve for these countries at group and individual level. It also revealed that the value of turning point in pollution level corresponding to per capita income is varying among countries. From the result, the threshold GDP per capita (constant 2005 US$) is approximately $758 for Nigeria, $7060 for Gabon, $585 for Ghana, $1014 for Cote d’Ivoire, $390 for Mali and $675 for Senegal. The declining trend of pollution with regards per capita income could be attributed to introduction of environmental friendly products, structural changes in the industrial sector of these countries that involve more output per primary resources.
Getachew Alene Chekol
Volume 5, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 861-872
Abstract
This study attempted to examine the effects of performance appraisal on employees moral and satisfaction in Jinka town civil service office. The specific objectives of the study were to point out the current performance of employees, performance appraisal problems and to examine the effects of performance ...
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This study attempted to examine the effects of performance appraisal on employees moral and satisfaction in Jinka town civil service office. The specific objectives of the study were to point out the current performance of employees, performance appraisal problems and to examine the effects of performance standards contribute to shape employees moral and satisfaction. Data for this study were collected from sample employees. So, from the total of 76 employees the researcher was used 39 (56%) through simple random sampling techniques. The study employed quantitative data like questionnaire as it is the major source of information even through there were some qualitative data obtained from sample employees. The result of the study revealed that evaluating employee’s by their past contribution affects employees moral and satisfaction negatively and also pay cut is not the measure to improve performance since it demoralize employees moral and satisfaction. The study also indicated that team appraisal system affect employee’s moral and satisfaction negatively. Generally, the research recommended that, employees must be evaluated by current performance and pay cut is not advisable for this organization since the majority of respondents were strongly disagree.
Claudia Nyarko Mensah; Hannah Vivian Osei; Lamini Dauda; Muhammad Salman
Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2019, , Pages 862-890
Abstract
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has a long standing history of contributing to economic growth of nations. Nations invest and get invested, however, focus has always been on investing or been invested but the impact created as a result of the two on the economies have not yet been examined. Whether the ...
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has a long standing history of contributing to economic growth of nations. Nations invest and get invested, however, focus has always been on investing or been invested but the impact created as a result of the two on the economies have not yet been examined. Whether the impact of the difference creates ditch or bump get investigated in this research work, employing an extended Cobb Douglas function. Our estimation methods were Fully Modified Least Square (FMOLS) and Auto-regressive Distributed Lag Models (ARDL). We conducted a preliminary test to avoid spurious regression results by using ARDL Bound test, Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron unit root test for cointegration and stationerity test. We found that some economies saw ditches with the difference whilst others experienced bumps, however, others felt no impact with the difference.
Grace Wambui Kiboro; Evanson Mwangi Karanja
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 872-881
Abstract
Consumer behavior is a key determinant on the success of products and services in the competitive markets. Electronic commerce has revolutionalised customer value delivery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of consumer behavior on adoption of electronic commerce in retail stores ...
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Consumer behavior is a key determinant on the success of products and services in the competitive markets. Electronic commerce has revolutionalised customer value delivery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of consumer behavior on adoption of electronic commerce in retail stores with a case reference of three supermarkets in Limuru town, Kenya. More specifically to determine effect of problem recognition, the influence of information search and evaluation, outcome of purchasing decision and result of post purchase behavior by the consumer on adoption of e-commerce. Census data was collected from 115 employees. Regression analysis and F tests were carried out on data to determine the relationship between causative and effect factors. The empirical results showed consumer behavior influences electronic commerce adoption in emerging markets.
Behnoush Jovari
Volume 5, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 873-888
Abstract
Today’s competitive world has transformed the role of consumers in organizations, as consumers are present in all processes, from production phases to the delivery of products. Thus, the universities researchers’ and traders’ attention have shifted towards the consumers’ mental ...
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Today’s competitive world has transformed the role of consumers in organizations, as consumers are present in all processes, from production phases to the delivery of products. Thus, the universities researchers’ and traders’ attention have shifted towards the consumers’ mental image of the brands to the extent that they have included allocated sections in their mission statements and company objectives to the consumers’ mental image. The present article attempts to study the effect of the Shampoo Brand’s mental image on the perceptual values of the consumers. In this perspective, the present research is applied and is descriptive. The purchase process and preserving the health of hair, scalp and reducing hair loss and the most important of all, maintaining the beauty of appearance is of outmost importance for women; choosing the right shampoo is always their crucial concerns specifically in Islamic societies like Iran where the hair is covered throughout the day and the absence of breathing scalp gets highlighted. Thus, participants include the Alzahra female students shampoo consumers who has responded to the questionnaire as the main research tool. The analysis using SPSS and LISREL proved research hypothesis. That is, the mental image of brand is positively related to perceived quality and price/cost of the products. Considering that perceived quality and price the elements of perceived value, results confirm such relationship in Alzahra University as the only Iranian women university.
Mohammad Amin Sadeghi
Volume 4, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 880-887
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify efficient factors in the relationship between HRM and customer satisfaction during the process of transition to pure production. Over the past few years, a new stream of strategic management research focused on HRM analysis, and meta-analysis has been done with ...
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The purpose of this paper is to identify efficient factors in the relationship between HRM and customer satisfaction during the process of transition to pure production. Over the past few years, a new stream of strategic management research focused on HRM analysis, and meta-analysis has been done with HRM and customer satisfaction. The calculation of the target model shows that for the effective development of this process, senior management teams need to combine logical and creative skills, such as an aggregate orientation. Finally, a model is presented to understand this sequence, which leads to a cultural change associated with the production of Lean.
Muhammad Fitri Rahmadana; Marlon Naibaho
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 882-890
Abstract
This research reviewed interdependence analysis on government income and expenditure in Indonesia, where the problem shown up here was government expenditure was always bigger than government income, though in particular years the income was bigger than government expenditure. This research aimed to ...
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This research reviewed interdependence analysis on government income and expenditure in Indonesia, where the problem shown up here was government expenditure was always bigger than government income, though in particular years the income was bigger than government expenditure. This research aimed to view the pattern or a certain causality direction between government income and expenditure; the variables that would be tested were government income and expenditure. The data used was the time series data in the period of 1988 – 2011; the data source was obtained from Statistics Central Bureau of Indonesia. The method used was Granger Causality. The research result showed that government income and government expenditure was not stationary on its base data but on the first derivative. Between government income and expenditure had unidirectional causality, which was both of those variables, got a long-term correlation and both had a quick adaptation for that. Government expenditure would be able to effect government income five years after government expenditure was allocated.
Mahdi Hosseini; Alireza Mooghali; Mohammad Ali Sarlak; Gholamhossein Deljo
Volume 4, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 888-897
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to evaluate and validate the Jihadi organization model. Regarding the significance of inherent models in management and organization field and according to the necessity of using authentic models in the organizations, the Jihadi model was selected as an inherent ...
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The purpose of the present research is to evaluate and validate the Jihadi organization model. Regarding the significance of inherent models in management and organization field and according to the necessity of using authentic models in the organizations, the Jihadi model was selected as an inherent model for evaluation and validation. It includes three behavioral, contextual, and structural dimensions of 23 components and 135 indicators. The model was evaluated using field method in Tehran municipality organization. Four districts of Tehran municipality were randomly selected through two-step clustering sampling method, of which 375 employees were selected as research sample for questionnaire distribution. Analyses using structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and fitting analysis demonstrated the Jihadi organization model is totally fitted and validated. Thus, it is recommended that further studies frequently verify the proposed model and apply in the organization if it is validated again.
Mohammadreza Vatanparast; Sara Zaynalpour Ahrabi
Volume 5, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 889-904
Abstract
To expand the financial literature and also in view of the necessity of updating in today's knowledge of the world, this research examines one of the most recent issues of financial management, means science of behavioural finance that is dedicated to the behavioral character of the capital market and ...
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To expand the financial literature and also in view of the necessity of updating in today's knowledge of the world, this research examines one of the most recent issues of financial management, means science of behavioural finance that is dedicated to the behavioral character of the capital market and the study of the behavioral and psychological aspects of the capital market. In this field, one of the interesting topics is the calendar effects that deal with the anomalies in behavior and performance of market in different times of day, week, month and year. The problem that follows in this study is to investigate the relationship between weekdays, including the categories of periodic or calendar effects, on stock returns, and claims that there are heterogeneous returns on different days of the week, at that time, it would be possible to generate extra returns by formulating strategies for these daily patterns. To achieve this goal, five hypotheses have been formulated and 160 companies were selected from listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange for a period of 5 years, 2012 to 2016. The method of this research is applied and descriptive-correlational. To test the hypotheses, linear regression model and panel data are used. The results of testing the hypotheses show that there is a significant relationship between calendar events and stock returns and the effect of Tuesday has been significant in estimations.
Saeed Pakdelan; Alireza Azarberahman; Jalal Azarberahman; Ebrahim Timori
Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2019, , Pages 891-905
Abstract
In the financial literature, risk-taking and investment-related decisions are among the most important decisions for companies that make optimal decisions in these two areas, optimally allocating resources and directing financial resources to economic investments and profitable projects for value creation. ...
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In the financial literature, risk-taking and investment-related decisions are among the most important decisions for companies that make optimal decisions in these two areas, optimally allocating resources and directing financial resources to economic investments and profitable projects for value creation. The purpose of the research is to investigate the relationship between audit quality and risk taking on value creation in firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The research used five components of auditor's specialist, tenure, audit size, ownership concentration, and board of director’s independence to evaluate audit quality. The statistical population of the study includes the companies listed in TSE. Using a screening method, 610 firm-year data were selected for a 5-year period (2013-2017). This research is based on panel data and multivariate regression method. The research findings show that among these five components as well as the risk factor, only the variables of auditor tenure and ownership concentration have a significant effect on corporate value creation. The originality of the results of the research contributes to the auditing and capital market in TSE.
Mahmood Yahyazadehfar; Hooman Shababi; Seyedeh Samira Hosseini
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 891-901
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between ownership concentration and auditing fees of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The level and nature of external audit fees requested by organizations, depends on three descriptive elements such as the firm size, complexity of operations and audit ...
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This study investigates the relationship between ownership concentration and auditing fees of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The level and nature of external audit fees requested by organizations, depends on three descriptive elements such as the firm size, complexity of operations and audit risk. Researches indicated that ownership structure of company as one of the key components of corporate governance can impact on audit fees through impacting on these three descriptive elements. Since every classes of investors have different goals and motivations for their investment; in this investigation, the Ownership concentration, as two effective group of shareholders in ownership structure, was investigated from the two aspects of Institutional and managerial; and 114 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange in a period of 2007-2012 years were chosen as a sample. This study is descriptive correlation based on panel data analyzing, the results showed that the negative relation between institutional ownership concentration factor with the audit fee and a negative relation between concentration factor in the company's board of directors and the auditing fee is accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange.
Kazuhiro Ohnishi
Volume 4, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 898-908
Abstract
This paper investigates a mixed duopoly environment in which a private firm competes on price with a public firm. The following timing of actions is considered. In the first stage, each firm non-cooperatively decides whether to adopt a wage-rise contract as a strategic commitment device. If a firm adopts ...
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This paper investigates a mixed duopoly environment in which a private firm competes on price with a public firm. The following timing of actions is considered. In the first stage, each firm non-cooperatively decides whether to adopt a wage-rise contract as a strategic commitment device. If a firm adopts a wage-rise contract, then it chooses an output level and a wage premium rate, and agrees to pay each employee a wage premium uniformly if it actually produces more than the output level. This irreversible behaviour causes changes to the price-competing market environment of the second stage. The paper presents the equilibrium solution of the mixed duopoly model.
Javad Zahedi; Elahe Talebi; Shadi Laal Aval
Volume 2, Issue 8 , August 2015, , Pages 902-912
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between ownership concentration and firm value in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The previous research indicates that ownership structure as an external corporate governance mechanism can influence firm value. In this study, the effect of ...
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The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between ownership concentration and firm value in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The previous research indicates that ownership structure as an external corporate governance mechanism can influence firm value. In this study, the effect of the type of ownership on company assessment is examined along with level of cash holding. It is expected that firm value will increase as management ownership increases by reducing cash holdings. We also predict firm value is lower in companies with high cash holding and having ownership concentration. In the study, using financial statement information of companies listed on the TSE from 2004 to 2013, the relationship of this subject is addressed. The results of regression analysis in support of the hypothesis indicate firm value declines as ownership concentration increases when company’s cash holding mounts. On the whole, the results of the study shows that level of cash holdings which goes hand in hand with level of ownership concentration can reduce firm value.
Mohammad Mokhtari; Seyyed Morteza Ghayoor; Behzad Hassannezhad Kashani
Volume 5, Issue 12 , December 2018, , Pages 905-922
Abstract
By investigating the human life and its evolutions, it can be conceived that human, from the beginning of creature, has attempted to prepare a suitable clothes for himself. The history shows that all divine religions, particularly Islam, have paid a special attention to the human covering as a natural ...
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By investigating the human life and its evolutions, it can be conceived that human, from the beginning of creature, has attempted to prepare a suitable clothes for himself. The history shows that all divine religions, particularly Islam, have paid a special attention to the human covering as a natural need and value. Accordingly, covering issue and Islamic clothing is the core problem of this research. The current study aims to investigate the factors affecting the purchase decision of Islamic clothing by the mediating role of word of mouth. This is a survey research using 5-points Likert scale to collect research data. The reliability of the research tool was acknowledged by Cronbach alpha and its validity was confirmed using face and content validity. The population of the research is the female residents of Mashhad, Iran. The sample size is 384, calculated by the Cochran’s formula, which was surveyed by the convenience non-probability sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the data analysis and testing the research hypotheses by applying SMART-PLs and SPSS software. Research findings showed that customer trust and satisfaction have positive and significant effects on customer purchase decision. In addition, customer satisfaction and trust influence the customer purchase decision indirectly by the mediating role of word of mouth. It was also found that the word of mouth has a positive and significant effect on purchase decision. It should be noted that customer satisfaction is more influential than customer trust in affecting the word of mouth leading to customer purchase decision.
