Document Type : Original Research

Authors

• Mohammad Hadi Sobhanian ¹
• Salah Salimian ²
• Azadeh Ashrafi ³

¹ Department of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Economics, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

³ Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The tax gap can be considered as the criterion and principle of the effectiveness and efficiency of the tax system. Inadequate collection of taxes as well as non-realization of tax revenues is called tax gap, which is one of the factors that aggravate the budget deficit. In this paper, the issue of tax gap is investigated with two approaches. The first approach is a situation where two groups of investigators who are willing and unwilling to collude with two groups of taxpayers who are willing and unwilling to collude with a uniform distribution are placed in the game. The second approach also shows a situation where the probability of not discovering a taxpayer's violation is shown by a mathematical function and the quality of investigating groups for taxpayers who are uniformly distributed is unknown. The results of the first approach show that with the increase in the number of taxpayers unwilling to collude and the increase in the number of groups willing to collude with taxpayers, the tax gap decreases. Also, with the reduction of the tax rate and the increase in the number of groups unwilling to collude, the tax gap increases. The results of the second approach show that the tax gap increases with the increase in the number of investigators and also the increase in the probability of dishonesty of the taxpayer.

Keywords

• Game Theory
• Tax Gap
• Taxpayers
• Uniform Distribution

20.1001.1.23832126.2023.10.10.1.2

Main Subjects

• Accounting
• Tax Accounting

COPYRIGHTS

©2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers.