ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identifying Effective Indicators in the Assessment of Organizational Readiness for Accepting Social CRM
The main objective of this study is to provide a model for assessing organizational readiness for accepting social customer relationship management (SCRM). The dilemma, the organizations are faced with is that they go ahead directly toward the preparation and implementation of new technologies, especially the technology without determining their level of readiness and this causes that they fail at the implementation stage or they do not benefit from the investment and spending they have done. In this research, after studying various resources, in particular, resources related to the assessment of organizational readiness in accepting information systems and social networks-based systems for using in organizations businesses and the proposed models by the mentioned resources, components and sub-components affecting the organization's readiness in accepting SCRM have been identified and extracted. We categorized them in four main categories and dimensions, naming organizational, technological, human and environmental factors. Each of these main components includes sub-components that are mentioned in this research.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115232_1546893f42e964b6568c1fcc09ac01fb.pdf
2016-02-01
85
104
Customer Relationship Management
social customer relationship management
social network
technology
customer
Sajjad
Shokohyar
shokohyar@gmail.com
1
Faculty Member of Information Technology Management Group, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ruhollah
Tavallaee
tavallaee.r@gmail.com
2
Faculty Member of Information Technology Management Group, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Khadijeh
Keramatnia
kh.karamatnia@yahoo.com
3
Master of Information Technology Management, Department of Information Technology Management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Acker, O., Gröne, F., Akkad, F., Pötscher, F., & Yazbek, R. (2011). Social CRM: How companies can link into the social web of consumers. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 13(1), 3-10.
1
Ajmera, J., Ahn, H., Nagarajan, M., Verma, A., Contractor, D., Dill, S., & Denesuk, M. (2013). A CRM system for social media. The International World Wide Web Conference (pp. 49-58). Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.
2
Almotairi, M. (2008, May). CRM success factors taxonomy. European and Mediterranean conference on information systems.
3
Al-rahmi, W., & Othman, M. (2013). Using TAM model to measure the use of social media for collaborative learning. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 5(2), 90-95.
4
Alshawi, S., Missi, F., & Irani, Z. (2011). Organisational, technical and data quality factors in CRM adoption-SMEs perspective. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(3), 376–383.
5
Alt, R., & Puschmann, T. (2004, January). Successful practices in customer relationship management. Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
6
Anderson, K., & Kerr, C. (2001). Customer relationship management: Integrating marketing strategy and information technology, Madison: McGraw-Hill.
7
Arab, F., Selamat, H., & Zamani, M. (2010). An overview of success Factors for CRM. International Conference on Information and Financial Engineering (pp. 702-705).
8
Askool, S. & Nakata, K. (2011). A conceptual model for acceptance of social CRM systems based on a scoping study. AI & Society, 26(3), 205-220.
9
Band, W., & Petouhoff, N. L. (2009). Topic overview: Social CRM goes mainstream. Forrester Research Report, No 55884.
10
Bernal, J. (2009). Web 2.0 and social networking for the enterprise: Guidelines and examples for implementation and management within your organization. Boston, U.S.: Pearson plc.
11
Chen, H. M., & Vargo, S. L. (2014). Rethinking social CRM design: A service dominant logic perspective. In Handbook of Strategic e-Business Management (pp. 767-784). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
12
Choudhury, M., & Harrigan, P. (2014). CRM to social CRM: the integration of new technologies into customer relationship management. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 22(2), 149–176.
13
Croteau, A.M., & Li, P. (2003). Critical success factors of CRM technological initiatives. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 20(1), 21-34.
14
Daniel, F. (2011). Diversity as technology: A new perspective. Journal of Diversity Management, 6(2), 31-40.
15
DiStaso, M. W., et al. (2011). How public relations executives perceive and measure the impact of social media in their organizations. Public Relations Review, 37(3), 325-328.
16
Dutot, V. (2013). A new strategy for customer engagement: How do French firms use social CRM?. International Business Research, 6(9), 1913-9012.
17
Greenberg, P. (2008). The impact of CRM 2.0 on customer insight. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(6), 410-419.
18
Harrigan, P., Soutar, G., Choudhury, M., & Lowe, M. (2014). Modelling CRM in a social media age. Australasian Marketing Journal, 23(1), 27-37.
19
Jutla, D., Craig, J., & Bodorik, P. (2001). Enabling and measuring electronic customer relationship management readiness. In the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 3-6).
20
King, S., & Burgess, T. (2008). Understanding success and failure in customer relationship management. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(4), 421-431.
21
Ko, E., Kim, S., Kim, M., & Woo, J. (2008). Organizational characteristics and the CRM adoption process. Journal of Business Research, 61 (1), 65-74
22
Küpper, T., Jung, R., Lehmkuhl, T., Walther, S., & Wieneke, A. (2014). Performance measures for Social CRM: A literature review. 27th Bled eConference eEcosystems (pp. 1 – 5). Bled, Slovenia.
23
Lehmkuhl, T., & Jung, R. (2013). Towards Social CRM–Scoping the concept and guiding research. 26th Bled eConference, eInnovations: Challenges and Impacts for Individuals, Organizations and Society (pp. 9-13). Bled, Slovenia.
24
Malthouse, E.C., Haenlein, M., Skiera, B., Wege, E., & Zhang, M. (2013). Managing customer relationships in the social media era: Introducing the Social CRM house. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 27 (4), 270-280.
25
Mohan, S., Choi, E., & Min, D. (2008). Conceptual modeling of enterprise application system using social networking and Web 2.0 “Social CRM Systemˮ. International Conference on Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology (pp. 237–244). Washington, USA.
26
Mosadegh, M.J., Behboudi, M. (2011). Using social network paradigm for developing a conceptual framework in CRM. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 1(4), 63-71.
27
Ramirez-Medina, J.A. (2009). Enterprise 2.0 readiness index. Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology (PICMET) (pp. 2677-2684).
28
Reddick, C. G., & Norris, D. F. (2013). Social media adoption at the American grass roots: Web 2.0 or 1.5? Government Information Quarterly, 30 (4), 498–507.
29
Reinhold, O., & Alt, R. (2011). Analytical Social CRM: Concept and tool support. 24 th Bled eConference, eFuture: Creating Solutions for the Individual, Organisations and Society (pp. 12 – 15). Bled, Slovenia.
30
Shimp, B. (2009). Social CRM. Say what? Accessed April 3, 2013, from http://allbizanswers.com/social-crm-say-what/
31
Trainor, K.J., Andzulis, J., Rapp, A., Agnihotri, R. (2013). Social media technology usage and customer relationship performance: A capabilities-based examination of social CRM. Journal of Business Research, 67(6), 1201–1208.
32
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315.
33
Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186–204.
34
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425– 478.
35
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS Quarterly, 36(1), 157–178.
36
Wu, M., Chou, H., Weng, Y., & Huang, Y. (2011). TAM2-based study of website user behavior-Using Web 2.0 websites as an example. Wseas Transactions on Business and Economics, 8(4), 133-151.
37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exploring the Relationship between Applying Information Technology and Achieving Organizational Excellence in State Banks
The present study aims to investigate the relationship between applying information technology and achieving organizational excellence in the state banks of the city of Marivan. The research model is taken from Martinez’s information technology and Peters and Waterman’s organizational excellence models. Research method is descriptive-correlational. Research population includes all the employees of state banks in the city of Marivan. Among this population, samples containing 120 employees were selected based on Cochran’s formula, stratified and simple random sampling. Two questionnaires were used to collect data and their reliability was measured, using Cronbach’s Alpha. The reliability of organizational excellence questionnaire was 0/805 and the reliability of information technology questionnaire was 0/758 which are indicative of the reliability of the questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was assessed based on experts’ opinions. Pearson’s correlation, linear regression, and structural equation modeling based on SPSS19 and LISREL8.80 were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of information technology in administration, communication, decision-making support, and planning with organizational excellence. In other words, there is a significant and positive relationship between applying information technology and achieving organizational excellence.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115233_8b62f87e616ffd519106677fa36fad43.pdf
2016-02-01
105
122
Information technology
organizational excellence
State Banks
Naseh
Rookhandeh
naseh.rookhandeh@gmail.com
1
Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Iran
AUTHOR
Kumars
Ahmadi
ahmadi1218@yahoo.com
2
Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
AlBadawi, Amir and keramati, A, (2004). A model to assess the impact of information technology to increase productivity: the role of complementary investment, technical publications and engineering TarbiatModarres University, No. 18.
1
Akyuz, A. (2005). Application of efqm excellence model to the sabanci university ic. Technical Services Manager, Sabanci university ictuzla, Istanbul- Turkey.
2
Calvo-Mora, A. leda, Antonio &Roldan, Jose, L. (2006). using enablers of the EFQM model to manage in situation of higher education. Quality assurance in education, Vol. 14, No 2.
3
Etmadi, M. (2002). Using the EFQM model for evaluating the performance of public enterprises and public sector organizations and experience hands-on experience of Iran and Britain.Third International Conference on Quality Management.
4
Fundamental Concepts of Excellence,2010 Version, European Foundation for Quality Management, vol 12, No 1, pp 33-56.
5
Harrington, D. (2005). The five pillars of organizational excellence, Handbook of Business Strategy.
6
Hakimifard, Ahmad. (2010). check airline performance evaluation systems based on excellence sky stakeholders satisfaction and organizational excellence (the method EFQM), a master's thesis, field management, PNU.
7
Izadi, A. and Maleki, M. (2005). "Comparison of the results in the two social security hospitals in Tehran based on the Organizational Excellence Model," Journal of Medical Sciences. Issue 2
8
Kalomora, deldan. (2006). "An EFQM model self - assessment exercise at a Spanish university", Journal of Education Administration: 36. No: 2, 2007, pp: 250 - 188.
9
Kim, Yong Jin, Kang, Hyunjeong, Sandres. G. Lawrence, Lee, Sang-Yong Tom. (2008). Differential Effects of It investments, Complementarity and effect of GDP level International Journal of Information Management 28 (2008) 508 – 516.
10
Loutans, F. Richard, H. (2000). International Management Culture,Strategy and Behaviour, McGraw-Hill, New York.
11
Loutans, F. Richard, H. (2000). International Management Culture,Strategy and Behaviour, McGraw-Hill, New York.
12
Razani, A, (2002). Meet the models of organizational excellence, Tehran, Mam publications.
13
Mutula, S. (2006). An Evaluation of E-Readiness Assessment Tools whitRespect to Information Access: Towards and Integrated Information RichTool. International Journal of Information Management: 26(212-223).
14
Nasr Esfahani, A., Parliament, hope and Moradi, Ali. (2012). The effect of ICT and social capital on organizational entrepreneurial orientation. Management and Entrepreneurship Conference.
15
Peters, TJ. Waterman, RH. (1982). In Search of Excellence – Lessons from Americ’s Best – run Companies, Harper Collins Publishers, London.
16
Qushchijaefari, B. (2005). "Management development position in Excellence", a monthly measure, 49162-54.
17
Raisi, P., Nasiri Pour, A. A. (2009). Performance evaluation model of Total Quality Management in Social Security hospitals in Tehran, Health Information Management, Volume 6, Issue 2.
18
Sarabandi, Mohsen. (2011). The impact of information technology on small and medium industry excellence, Master thesis, University of Sistan and Baluchestan.
19
Sadeghi, M. and light, Z. (2006). World Trade Electronics & Information Technology. Mashhad: Press Skhngstr.
20
Sarrafzadeh, A., (2004). IT organizations, IT (concepts and applications), Tehran, Mir.
21
Sarrafzadeh, E., (2009), examined the relationship between organizational health and corporate trust among secondary school teachers in Isfahan. "Management education master's thesis, University of Isfahan.
22
Searle, M. (2005), presentation by SAI Global, 13th Quality Summit of CII, India, 10-11.
23
Sharma, AK. Talwar, B. (2007), “Evolution of “universal business excellence model” incorporating Vedic philosoph”, Journal of Measuring Business Excellence, 11 (3), 4-20.
24
Shi-Ming, Huang, Chin-Shyh, Ou, Chyi-Miaw, Chen, Binshan, Lin, 2006, An Empirical Study of Relationship Between IT Investment and Firm Performance: A Resource – Based Perspective, European Journal of Operational Research; Vol-173, p: 67-89.
25
Skildsen, Jocobk, Kristensen, Kan John Juhl, Hans (2002), Trends in EFQM criterion weights: The case of Denmark.
26
Tari, Juan Jose (2005). "An EFQM model self - assessment exercise at a Spanish university". Journal of Education Administration: 44. No 2, 2006, pp: 170 - 188.
27
Turban, E. (2004). “Information Technology for Management: TransformingBusiness in the Digital Economy”. Fourth Edition, City University of HongKong.
28
Taleie Kang lo, M., (2010). Analysis of the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational excellence, thesis, master of public administration (human resources), Payam Noor University, Tehran, the capital.
29
Valjo, p and Snaho, A. (2006) "Improving quality at hospital psychiatric Ward Level through the use of the EFQM model". Intrnational Journal quality in Health care.vol 18. No 5.
30
Yardley, David (2005). Successful management of IT projects, the lessons from the failure of IT projects. (Tall Mahmoud. Nasr Azadani updates. Industrious M, Translator). Press organs.
31
Zagrdy, Hessamoddin and Ismaili, M, (2008). The impact of information technology on excellence Iranian organizations, lecturer Journal of Human Sciences, Volume 13, Issue2.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of Long-run Relationship between Crude Oil and US’ Dollar Value: A Cointegration Analysis
Crude oil price and US dollar value are the two critical economic variables influencing global economy. The purpose of this research is to study the sustained long-run relationship between these two variables. The fact that Crude oil price is determined in dollar and that oil price and dollar exchange rate, since 1970, underwent many changes at international markets raised this question that what is the relationship between these two variables. For this purpose, co-integration and causality tests were used for variables within 1990-2013. Research results show that there is a negative relationship between crude oil price and dollar value such that if the real price of crude oil increases up to 10%, dollar real value decreases to 1.7%. Causality direction is from oil price variable to US dollar price. In addition, estimating short-term error correction relationship for dollar exchange rate long-run equation, it is seen that if dollar real exchange rate deviates from its long-run trend, the gap will be restored at 4.1% rate per period as long as returning to the very long-run path.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115234_93cbc666d567cf2f8d27ae3837f556e0.pdf
2016-02-01
123
138
Crude oil price and US dollar value are the two critical economic variables influencing global economy. The purpose of this research is to study the sustained long-run relationship between these two variables. The fact that Crude oil price is determi
since 1970
underwent many changes at international markets raised this question that what is the relationship between these two variables. For this purpose
co-integration and causality tests were used for variables within 1990-2013. Research results show that there is a negative relationship between crude oil price and dollar value such that if the real price of crude oil increases up to 10%
dollar real value decreases to 1.7%. Causality direction is from oil price variable to US dollar price. In addition
estimating short-term error correction relationship for dollar exchange rate long-run equation
it is seen that if dollar real exchange rate deviates from its long-run trend
the gap will be restored at 4.1% rate per period as long as returning to the very long-run path
Davood
Rahmanifard
davood.rahmanifard@gmail.com
1
Freelance Researcher and Independent Actuarial Consultant, ECO College of Insurance, Allameh Tabatabaee University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Esmaeel
Safarzadeh
safarzadeh2005@hotmail.com
2
Department of Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Zeinali
zeinaly.leila@gmail.com
3
Freelance Researcher, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Akram, Q. Farooq (2004), Oil prices and exchange rates: Norwegian evidence. Econometrics journal 7(2), pp. 476-504.
1
Amano, R. and Van Norden, S. (1998), Oil prices and the rise and fall of the US real exchange rate, Journal of international money and finance 17. 299–316.
2
Amano, R. and Van Norden, S. (1993), A forecasting equation for the Canad-U.S. dollar exchange rate, Proceeding of the conference held at the Bank of Canada, June 22-23, 1992.
3
Crespo Cuaresman, Jesus, and Andreas Breitenfellner (2008). Crude oil prices and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate: A forecasting exercise, University of innsbruck, working Papers in economics and statistics2008-8.
4
Beckmann, Rainer, Born, J¨urgen and K¨osters, Wim, (2001), The US dollar, the euro, and the yen: An evaluation of their present and future status as international currencies, Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
5
Bénassy-Quéré, A., Mignon, V. and Penot, A. (2007), China and the relationship between the oil price and the dollar, Energy Policy 35, 5795-5805.
6
Carnot, N. and Hagege, C. (2004), Le marché pétrolier, DP Analyses Economiques 53.
7
Chen, S.-S. and H.-C. Chen (2007), Oil Prices and Real Exchange Rates, Energy Economics 29. Pp.390–404.
8
Chen, Y.-C., K. Rogoff and B. Rossi (2008), Can Exchange Rates Forecast Commodity Prices?, Working Paper. Harvard University, Journal 7.pp. 476–504.
9
Cheng, K. C. (2008), Dollar Depreciation and Commodity Prices IMF (ed.). 2008. World Economic Outlook. International Monetary Fund. Washington D.C. pp.72–75.
10
Clark, P. and McDonald, R. (1998), Exchange rates and economic fundamentals: A methodological comparison of BEERs and FEERs, IMF Working Paper 98/00.
11
Clements, K. W. and R. Fry (2006), Commodity currencies and currency commodities, CAMA working paper.
12
Enders, Walter (2004). Applied econometrics time series. John Wiley & Sons.
13
Exchange Rate, Monetary policy & the economy, central bank of the Republic of Austria. CAMA Working Paper.
14
Faruqee, H. (1995), Long-run determinants of the real exchange rate - A stock-flow perspective, IMF Staff papers, Vol. 42, pp.855-881.
15
Frankel, J. (2003), A proposed monetary regime for small commodity-exporters: Peg the export price, John F. Kennedy School of Harvard University Faculty Research Papers Series.
16
Golub, S. (1983), Oil prices and exchange rates, The Economic Journal 93 (371), pp. 576-593.
17
Habib, M. M. and Kalamova, M. M. (2007). Are there oil currencies? The real exchange rate of oil exporting countries, working paper. European central bank.
18
Haffman, D. and Crowder, W. (1996). The long-run relationship between nominal interest rates and inflation: the fisher equation revised. Journal of money, credit and banking, 28, pp.102-118.
19
James K. Jackson (2008), The U. S. Trade deficit, the dollar, and the price of oil, International trade and finance foreign affairs, defense, and trade division, Congressional research service (USA).
20
Korhonen, I. and T. Juurikkala. (2007). Equilibrium exchange rates in oil-dependent countries. BOFIT Discussion Papers.
21
Krichene, N. (2006). World crude oil markets: Monetary policy and the recent oil shock. IMF Working Paper.
22
Krugman, P.R. (1983), Oil and the dollar in: J.S. Bhandari, and B.H. Putnam, eds., Economic independence and flexible exchange rates, MIT Press.
23
Li Wenhao(2004), Currency competition between euro and Us dollar, Paper No. 18, Working papers of the business institute Berlin at the Berlin school of economics (FHW-Berlin)Badensche Str. 50-51, D-10825, June.
24
Marglin, S.-A. and J.-B. Schor (eds.). (1990). The golden age of capitalism: reinterpreting the postwar experience. Clarendon press. Oxford.
25
McKinnon, R. I. (2005). The world dollar standard and globalization – New rules for the game? Working paper. Stanford University.
26
Mehrara,M. (2006), The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Iran, Iranian Economic Review, 10, pp.137-148.
27
Mothana Saleh, (2006), Do oil prices depend on the value of US dollar?, Journal of Economic Casopis, No. 54, pp.253-265
28
Schimmel, W. (2008). Is the oil price being driven by a weak dollar? Vienna: Futures FTC Capital.
29
Sims, C., A. (1972). Money,Income and Causality, American Economic Review, 62, pp.540-552.
30
Wirl, F. (2008), Why do oil prices jump (or fall)? Journal of policy 36, pp.1029-1043.
31
Zhang, Y.J., Fan, Y., Tsai, H.T., Wei, Y.M. (2008), Spillover effect of US dollar exchange rate on oil prices, Journal of policy modeling, pp. 973-991.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the Relationship between Gini Coefficient of Income Strata and Financial Depth in Iran
Increasing financial depth is one of the main concerns of policy makers as a prerequisite for economic growth. And since poverty is one of the most important economic and social complications as well as a barrier for reaching financial development, this study tries to investigate the effects of the Gini coefficient, as a poverty measure for income strata, on financial depth during the time period between 1990 and 2011 using combinatorial data analysis. The results of the study show that there is a positive relationship between Gini coefficient in each income stratum and financial depth, which implies that increasing the financial depth does not decrease poverty in each income stratum. Moreover, there is a negative relationship between government expenses and financial depth in Iran. On the other hand, it can be said that increasing the degree of economic openness and inflation have a positive impact on financial depth.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115235_374ddd6620eed8df30dc777bf293af6d.pdf
2016-02-01
139
146
Gini coefficient
Financial Depth
combinatorial data
Nooshin
Karimi Alavijeh
n.karimi.alavijeh@gmail.com
1
PhD student of Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sayyed
Jalaee
jalaee@uk.ac.ir
2
Professor of Economics, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Alvandi Zadeh, A. (2013). “Examines the Relationship Between Financial Depth and Economic Growth “. Monthly Economic-Banky, 126, pp 37-41.
1
Azimi, S.R and Ebrahimi,S. ( 2011 ) . “Advantages and Limitations of Traditional Indicators of Financial Depth “. Monthly Economic and Policy Examining Issues, 5 and 6, pp 19-28.
2
Chotikapanich, D., Griffiths, W., Prasada Rao, D.S. and Karunarathne, W. (2014). “Income Distributions, Inequality, and Poverty in Asia, 1992-2010 “. ADBI Working Paper Series, No. 468.
3
Cull, R., Senbet, L. and Sorge, M. (2002). “The Effect of Deposit insurance on Financial: A Cross- Country Analysis “. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Volume 42, Issue 4, pp 673-694.
4
Elmi, Z. and Ariyani, F. (2012). “The Effect of Financial Development on Income Distribution in Iran “. Quarterly Journal of Commerce, 69, pp 133-158.
5
Gorgini, M. (2012). “Effect of Foreign Trade on The Gini Coefficient Between Each of the Income Deciles in Iran “. Master Thesis, Kerman Martyr Bahonar University School of Economics.
6
Hasan, I., Koetter, M., Lensink, R. and Meesters, A.J. (2008). “Bank Efficiency, Financial Depth, and Economic Growth “. Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research.
7
Hoy, M. and Zheng, B. (2011). “Measuring Life Time Poverty “. Journal of Economic Theory “. Elsevier, Vol. 146 (6), pp 2544-2562.
8
Hyder, K. and Sikander, M.U. (2007). “Poverty, Income Distribution and Social Development in Lahore “. MPRA Paper No. 30531.
9
Jaberi Khosroshahi, N., Mohammadvand Nahidi, M.R and Noruzi, D. (2011). “The Effect of Financial Development on Income Inequality in Iran “. Quarterly Journal, Research Economic Growth and Development, 2(6).
10
Jalilian, H. and Kirkpatrick, C. (2005). “Does Financial Development Contribute to Poverty Reduction “. The Journal of Development Studies, 41:4, pp 636-656.
11
Khodadad Kashi, F., Bagheri, F., Heydari, Kh and Khodadad Kashi, O. (2002). “Measurement of poverty Indicators in Iran “. Department of Economic Statistics.
12
Khosravi Nejad, A.A. (2012). “Estimates of Poverty and Poverty Indicators in Urban and Rural Areas “. Journal of Economic Modeling, 6 (2), Summer, pp 39-60.
13
Tickamyer, A.R. (2009). “Poverty Rural “. Elsevier Ltd, pp 416-420.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Relationship between Capital Structure and Economic Performance Separated by Ownership in Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
The main purpose of this research is to study the relationship between capital structure and firms’ economic performance separated by ownership. This study measures capital structure by company’s total liabilities and total assets; and economic performance and ownership structure are weighted by the two dimensions of institutional and corporate ownerships. Research used systematic elimination sampling method. Research statistical population included listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (414 companies) within 2009 to 2012. Sample volume determined as 88 companies. Research objectives are applied and it is considered as a correlation study. Research data collected through using stock exchange software. Further, collected data analyzed using SPSS software. The research used descriptive and inferential statistics (Spearman test). Results of research hypotheses show that economic performance in companies with institutional ownership is inversely related to capital structure; whereas, in non-institutional economic ownership (corporate ownership) no correlation is seen with capital structure.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115236_eca5a7c162ca6dccd9895e9dd3a5be2b.pdf
2016-02-01
147
159
Capital structure
institutional ownership
corporate ownership
Economic Performance
Mostafa
Hosseinzadeh
1
Department of Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Boroujerd, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeid
Valadbeigi
2
Department of Accounting, Sama Technical and Vocational Training College, Islamic Azad University, Rudehen Branch, Rudehen, Iran
AUTHOR
Amin
Azizi
3
Department of Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch, Boroujerd, Iran
AUTHOR
Sanam
Bakhtiarnezhad
sbakhtiarnezhad61@yahoo.com
4
Department of Accounting, Sama Technical and Vocational Training College, Islamic Azad University, Damavand Branch, Damavand, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmadpour, A. and Salimi, A. (2007). The effect of industry and size on capital structure of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. Journal of Human and Social Sciences, University of Shiraz, 55.
1
Ali, A. & Pope, P. (1995). The incremental information content of earning, funds flow and cash flow: the UK evidence. Journal of Business, Finance and Accounting, 22: 19-34.
2
Azar, A., and Momeni, M. (1996). Statistics and its application in management. Tehran: SAMT publication.
3
Belkoue and Riyahi, A. (2002). Accounting theories. Translated by: Parsaeiyan, A. Tehran: Cultural research publication.
4
Booth, L., Aivazian, V., Demirguc, A., & Maksimovic, V. (2001). Capital structures in Developing Countries. Journal of Finance, 16(1): 87-130
5
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6
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Structure Factors and Personnel Performance
Nowadays, for surviving in the dynamic and complicated environment, it is required for organizations to have agility and flexibility in which the main factor is organizational structure which is the principal force of change. It is a framework for all organizational decisions and processes and influence the performance improvement and productivity increase. The purpose of this research is ranking the organizational structures factors which are effective on Personnel performance. This is applied and survey research which its statistical population consists of employees of Karafarin and Parsian insurance companies. Convenience sampling method were used to collect research data. Analyzing, the research data, the Pearson and Friedman Tests were applied. The results showed that formality is the most effective factor and complexity is the least effective factor on personnel performance.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_115237_95bfdfc70d382bf4488abaa31813ad87.pdf
2016-02-01
160
165
Organizational structure. Personnel performance
Ranking
Formality
complexity
Hadi
Shafiee
hadishafiee1366@gmail.com
1
MSc in Business Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Ehsan
Razminia
2
MSc in Public Management, Payame Noor University, Bushehr, Iran
AUTHOR
Narjes
Zeymaran
3
MSc in Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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