ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Organizational Silence on Employees’ Productivity
Productivity and development of any organization depends highly on the right application of human resources in the organization. One of the factors affecting productivity is organizational silence which has not been considered today. Since silence can has unfavorable consequences, identifying the factors and their relationship with other phenomena is important. Hence, this research tries to investigate the effect of organizational silence on human productivity. Statistical population is 25 personnel in Arak Tax Organization. Findings showed that organizational silence has a direct and negative effect on human productivity.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114331_9aa47e5ff9860aca1470b98522cc7a92.pdf
2019-03-01
198
207
organizational silence
submissive silence
defensive silence
peaceful silence and productivity
Gholamreza
Bordbar
gbordbar@yazd.ac.ir
1
Associate Professor, Department of Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Faranak
Safari Shad
faranaksafari46@gmail.com
2
PhD Student of Business Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
AUTHOR
Ebrahim
Rahimi
erahimi57@gmail.com
3
PhD in Human Resource Management, Faculty Member of Technical and Vocational University, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Najibeh
Abbasi Rostami
najibeh.abbasi@yahoo.com
4
Master of Business Management, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Achieng, O. A. (2014). “organizational silence affecting the effectiveness of organizations in kenya: a case study of safaricom call center”, a project report submitted to the chandaria school of business in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master in business administration (mba), united states international university.
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2
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28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of CEO Gender on Employee Turnover and Employee Returns
This purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of CEO gender on Employee Turnover and Returns for the year 2017 in 40 companies of Fortune 1000. This research adopted causal research design and quantitative research method. The collected data were examined by the independent sample t-test via SPSS software. The study found that CEO Gender has a significant impact on Returns per Employee in terms of profits. However, CEO Gender was not found to have any impact on Employee Turnover. The findings of the study suggest that gender of the CEO matters in giving rise to returns per employee through profit. The findings also suggested that despite gender impacts, underrepresentation of women in executive managerial positions are results of social perceptions and should be looked up to reduce gender gaps to increase organisational performance and productivity. This research also emphasises that organisational policies and practices could be implemented to encourage women into leadership positions and offer equal opportunities in terms of recruitment, pay and evaluation of performance to improve performance. Lastly, this is a pioneer research to evaluate CEO gender’s impact on Employee Turnover and Returns per Employee.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114444_102b61c7b76769bdbb45e5d6962a781e.pdf
2019-03-01
208
236
CEO Gender
Employee Turnover
profits
Returns per Employee
Zubair
Hassan
zubai7@gmail.com
1
PhD Scholar, Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Malaysia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sumaiya
Shafiq
sumaiya.shfq@yahoo.com
2
Alumnae, Lords Ashcroft International Business School, Anglia Ruskin University, UK
AUTHOR
Abubakar, R. A. & Kura, K. M. (2015). Does Gender Moderate The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee - Turnover Intention? A Proposed Model. International Journal of Accounting & Business Management, 3(1), 254-259.
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104
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105
Skaggs, S., Stainback, K. & Duncan, P. (2012). Shaking things up or business as usual? The influence of female corporate executives and board of directors on women’s managerial representation. Social Science Research, 41(4), 936-948.
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107
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113
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114
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122
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Corporate Governance and Investment Decisions in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Recently, following financial crises in the global world, the focus of attention has been moved towards how a company is being managed. This study examined the effect of corporate governance on investment decisions of shareholders of listed banks in the Nigerian capital market from 2005 to 2015. The study adopted the secondary method of acquiring data which was sourced from financial statements of eight banks listed. Panel Regression Analysis was employed in the analysis of the data collected with the use of electronic views. The results revealed that there exists a positive and significant relationship between corporate governance (board size, board independence and audit committee independence) and investment decisions of shareholders. Consequently, it is recommended that to further provide effective corporate governance measures, strengthening of corporate governance and accounting standards in Nigeria would go a long way in promoting investors’ confidence and thereby create positive investing decision.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114448_8462e0a25b7c305ac5af6805a7eaa4e8.pdf
2019-03-01
237
252
Corporate Governance
Investment Decisions
Board Size
Board Independence
Audit Committee Independence
Wisdom
Okere
wisescar@yahoo.com
1
Department of Accounting, Bells University of Technology, Ota Ogun State, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Oyebisi
Ibidunni
ogundanaoyebs@gmail.com
2
Department of Accounting, Bells University of Technology, Ota Ogun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Abdelsalam, O. El-Masry, A. & Elsegini, S. (2008). Board composition, ownership structure and dividend policies in an emerging market further evidence from CASE 50. Managerial Finance, 34(12), 953-964.
1
Adedipe, R. (2004). The dividend puzzles. The Journal of Portfolio Management 12: 52-56.
2
Adeyemo, K. A., (2016). Fraud cases in Nigerian banks: Nature, deep-seated causes, aftermaths and probable remedies.
3
Ambode (2016). Ambode reiterates corporate governance at banking awards. Vanguard News Paper.
4
Baker, M., Stein, J. & Wurgler, J. (2003). When does the market matter? Stock prices and the investment of equity-dependent firms. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118(3), 969-1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/00335530360698478
5
Bushee, B. J., Carter M. E., & Gerakos J. (2007). Institutional investor preferences for corporate governance mechanisms. Working Paper, University Of Pennsylvania.
6
Chen, I.J., Lin, S.H., (2013). Managerial optimism, investment efficiency, and firm valuation. Forthcoming in Multinational Finance Journal.
7
Choe H., Kho B., & Stulz R.M. (2005). Do domestic investors have an edge? The trading experience of foreign investors in Korea. The Review of Financial Studies, 18.
8
Conyon, M. J. & S. I. Peck. (1998). Board control, remuneration committees and top management compensation. Academy of Management Journal, 41(2), 146-157.
9
Covrig, V. M., Lau S. T. & Ng L. K. (2006). Do domestic and foreign fund managers have similar preferences for stock characteristics. Journal of International Business Studies, 37.
10
Daily, C. M. & A. A. Cannella, (2003). Corporate governance: Decades of dialogue and data. Academy of Management Review, 28, 371-382.
11
Damilola, F. E., Olamide, O. A., Wisdom, O., Emmanuel, O., Godswill, O., Simon, O. I. Olufemi, A. O. (2018). Board meeting frequency and firm performance: Examining the nexus in Nigerian deposit money banks. Heliyon, 4, 1-14.
12
Dong, M., Hirshleifer, D., & Teoh, S. H. (2007). Stock market misevaluation and corporate investment. MPRA Paper. University Library of Munich, Germany.
13
Fama, E. F., (1980). Agency problem and the theory of the firm. Journal of Political Economy, 88, 288-298.
14
Freeman, G.I. & O.P. Reed (2010). Corporate governance and institutional investment. New York: Kens Publications.
15
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16
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17
La Porta, R., F. Lopez-de-Silanes, A. Shleifer, & R. W. Vishny. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, 58(1-2), 3-27.
18
Leuz, C., Lins K. V., & Warnock F. E. (2007). Do foreigners invest less in poorly governed firms? Review of Financial Studies, forthcoming.
19
Mashcyekhi, B. & Buzaz, M. Z., (2008). Corporate governance and firm operating performance. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 32(2), 129-144.
20
Mehdi, I.K. (2007). Empirical evidence on corporate governance and firm operating performance. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 32(2), 129-144.
21
Merton, R. (1987). A simple model of capital market equilibrium with incomplete information. Journal of Finance, 42.
22
Mitton, T. (2002). A cross-firm analysis of the impact of corporate governance on the East Asian financial crisis. Journal of Financial Economics. 64, 215-241.
23
Monsen, R. J., Jr. & A. Downs. (1965). A theory of large managerial firms. Journal of Political Economy, 73(3), 221-236.
24
Nweze, C. (2016). Bank in credit crisis. Vanguard News Paper.
25
Ogbowu, C.N., (2014). Corporate governance structure, financial performance and institutional investment: Evidence from quoted Nigerian companies. Ph.D Dissertation Submitted to College of Graduate Studies. University of Port Harcourt.
26
Ojeka, S., Iyoha, F. & Obigbemi, (2014). Effectiveness of audit committee and firm performance in Nigeria: An empirical analysis. Journal of Accounting and Auditing: Research and Practice, Vol. 2014 (2014): 1-12.
27
Okere, W. Imeokparia, L., Ogunlowore, J. A. & Isiaka, M. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility and Investment Decisions in Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade21(4): 1-12.
28
Okere, W., Eluyela, D. F., Lawal, A. I., Oyebisi, I., Eseyin, O., Popoola, O. & Awe, T. E. (2019). Foreign expatriates on board and financial performance: A study of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria.
29
Oluyemi, S. A. (2007). The implication of banks profitability on implementing the risk-based capital requirements. Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation Quarterly 6(2) 53 -69.
30
Ricciardi, V., & Simon, K.H. (2000). What is behavioural finance? Business, Education and Technology Journal, 1-9.
31
Shiller, R. (1998). Human behaviour and the efficiency of the financial system. National Bureau of Economic Research, working paper n° w 6375.
32
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2004) OECD, Principles of corporate governance, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/58/58/34625094.pdf [Accessed 17.02.2011].
33
Theo, C., Hans, U. & Elmer, M. D., (2013). Corporate governance on firm performance and institutional investment. Journal of Accounting & Finance, 23(7), 289-305.
34
Tosi, H. L., Jr. & L. R. Gomez-Mejia. (1989). decoupling of CEO pay and performance: an agency theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(2), 169-189.
35
Uwuigbe, U., Daramola, S. P. & Anjolaoluwa, O., (2014). The effects of corporate governance mechanisms on earnings management of listed firms in Nigeria. Accounting and Management Information Systems, 13(1), 159-174.
36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Examination on the Effect of Regional Disintegration on Industry Performance: The Post-Brexit Decision
Ongoing research on the uncertainties surrounding Brexit as a form of regional disintegration is a teeming challenge for many of the industries in the United Kingdom, and as such, various researches are being undergone by experts in different fields to analyse the potential effects both positive and negative on the various industries. This research, therefore, aimed to focus mainly on the effect of regional disintegration on industry performance with emphasis on Brexit. The research considers the financial services and insurance industry in the United Kingdom as a case study. To consider the potential effect of regional disintegration, the research examined a 5-year quarterly data trend analysis spanning from 2014 till 2018 which represents two years before and two years after the pronouncement of the referendum in June 2016. The study further adopted a deductive approach while using both quantitative and qualitative research strategies. The data collection method involved the use of secondary data gotten from government reports and statistical bulletins. The variables were grouped into three categories including the macroeconomic factors (inflation, exchange rate and interest rate), trade performance (imports, exports and industry consumer price index), and demand and supply of labour (employment levels). The data analysis was conducted using a t-test statistic to ascertain if there is any significant difference in the population means of the variables. The findings revealed that the macroeconomic factors have more significant adverse effects on the industry's performance, while there are both positive and negative effects of regional integration on trade performance. Lastly, a no-deal outcome is likely to pose a significant threat to the industry’s demand and supply of labour. In general, the findings of the research allude to the fact that regional disintegration has both positive and negative effects on industry performance. Some recommendations were provided based on a no-deal or deal outcome.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114449_3004ff3055c754f3c5a8e2597c2a4701.pdf
2019-03-01
253
273
Regional disintegration
Brexit
financial services and insurance industry
United Kingdom
referendum
Macroeconomic Factors
trade performance
demand and supply of labour
Olatunji David
Adekoya
tunjiadekoya1994@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Business and Management, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, United Kingdom
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hakeem Adeniyi
Ajonbadi
2
Business Division, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Jimoh
3
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, Kwara State University, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Akbar, S. (1989). Disintegration and international trade flows: some theory and empirical evidence from Pakistan. PhD. Simon Fraser University, Canada.
1
Allen, K. & Elliot, L. (2016). Bank of England cuts interest rates to 0.25% and expands QE. Guardian News Online. [online] Available at: https://www.the-guardian.com /business/-2016/aug/04/bank-of-england-cuts-uk-interest-rates[Accessed 17 December 2018].
2
Bloomberg (2018). U.K. economy's best quarter in two years hides loss of momentum. [blog] Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-09/u-k-economy-s-best-quarter-in-two-years-hides-loss-of-momentum [Accessed 10 December 2018].
3
Business Matters (2015). Canary Wharf takes lead as London’s most popular fintech location. [image online] Available at: https://www.bmmagazine.co.uk/news/can-ary-wharf-takes-lead-as-londons-most-popular-fintech-location/ [Accessed 13 December 2018].
4
Central Intelligence Agency (2017). Definitions and notes: Location. the world factbook. [online] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook /[Accessed 2 December 2018].
5
Chu, B. (2017). Brexit: What does Britain losing its EU passporting rights mean for banks and how will it affect the economy. [online] Available at: https://www. independent.co.uk/news/busi-ness/analysis-and-features/brexit-pass-porting-rights-eea-explained-what-does-it-mean-for-banks-economy-pound-euro-a8065131.html [Accessed 13 December 2018].
6
Clark, R. (2018). Could Brexit benefit UK’s financial services? [online] Available at: https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2018/01/could-brexit-benefit-britains-financial-services/ [Accessed 13 December 2018].
7
Cruise, S. & White, L. (2018). Exclusive - Lloyds bank plans three EU subsidiaries after Brexit: sources. [online] Available at: https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-eu-lloyds-exclusive/exclusive-lloyds-bank-plans-three-eu-subsidiaries-after-brexit-sources-idUKKBN1K-71MO [Accessed 13 December 2018].
8
Davies, A. (2017). Banks view turning branches to subsidiaries as Brexit ‘red line’. [blog] Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-eu-banks/banks-view-turning-branches-to-subsidiaries-as-brexit-red-line-idUSKBN1DT1K2 [Accessed 6 December 2018].
9
EU Business (2018). United Kingdom: country overview. [online] Available at: https://www.eubusiness.com/europe/uk [Accessed 13 December 2018].
10
European Union (2018). United Kingdom: overview. [online]. Available at: https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries/member-countries/unitedking-dom_en [Accessed 13 December 2018].
11
Fidrmuc, J. & Fidrmuc, J. (2000). Disintegration and trade. Working Paper (353). [online] Available at: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.4-2/39737/ wp353.pd-f;sequence=3 [Accessed 29 November 2018].
12
Fioranmonti, L. & Matthies, F. (2016). Is Africa really following Europe? an integrated framework for comparative regionalism. Journal of Common Market Studies, 54(3), 674-690.
13
Fruen, L., Mullin, G. & Petkar, S. (2018). Final countdown: what is Brexit, when will the UK leave the European Union and what happens after March 29, 2019? [online] Available at: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/brexit/2099807/brexit-leave-eu-march-29-2019-deal-chequers-theresa-may/ [Accessed 12 December 2018].
14
FXCM (2018). What is the impact of a Bank of England interest rate hike? [blog] Available at: https://www.fxcm.com/insights/impact-bank-england-interest-rate-hike/ [Accessed 17 December 2018].
15
Greater London Authority (2018). London’s voice on Brexit. [online] 2 August. Available at: https://www.london.gov.uk/city-hall-blog/londons-voice-brexit [Accessed 15 December 2018].
16
Grosse, T. (2016). Assumptions of the theory of regional disintegration: suggestions for further research. Przegląd Europejski, 4 (42), 23-34.
17
Haas, E. (1964). Beyond the nation-state. Colchester, UK: European Consortium for Political Research Press.
18
Hearn. B. & Piesse, J. (2012). Regional integration of equity markets in Sub-Saharan Africa. South African Journal of Economics, 73(1), 36-53.
19
Hill, C. (2015). International business: competing in the global marketplace. 10th ed. New York: McGraw Hill.
20
Hoffmann, S. (1966). Obstinate or obsolete? the fate of the nation-state and the case of Western Europe. Daedalus, 85(3), 865–921.
21
Hooghe, L. & Marks, G. (2016). Community, scale and regional governance. a postfunctionalist theory of governance. (Vol. II). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
22
House of Commons Library (2018). Brexit and financial services. [online] 23 August. Available at: https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/-Summary-/CBP-7628 [Accessed 13 December 2018].
23
House of Commons Library (2018). Financial services: contribution to the UK economy. [online] 25 April. Available at: www.parliament.uk/commons-library| intranet. parliament.uk/com-mons-library|papers@parliament.uk|@commonslibrary [Accessed 13 December 2018].
24
Hunt & Wheeler (2018). Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU. BBC News Online, [online] 17 December. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-32810887 [Accessed 12 December 2018].
25
Inman, P. (2018). Prospect of UK interest rate rise dims as service sector struggles. Guardian News Online. [online] 3 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.c-om/business/2018/may/03/prospect-of-uk-interest-rate-rise-dims-as-uk-service-sector-struggles [Accessed 15 December 2018].
26
Jones, E., Kelemen, D. & Meunier, S. (2016). Failing forward? the Euro crisis and the incomplete nature of European integration. Comparative Political Studies, 49, 1010–1034.
27
Lipset, S. (1959). Some social requisites of democracy: economic development and political legitimacy. The American Political Science Review, (53)1.
28
Office for National Statistics (2018). Measurement of the finance and insurance industries in estimates of regional gross value added. [online] Available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossvalueaddedgva/articles/measurementofthefinanceandinsuranceindustriesinestimatesofregionalgrossvalueadded/2018-04-09 [Accessed 12 December 2018].
29
Oprea, O. (2017). Financial integration or disintegration during the financial crisis. The Romanian Economic Journal, 65, 122-136.
30
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2018). Economic survey of the United Kingdom 2017. [online] Available at: http://www.oecd.org/eco/sur-veys/economic-survey-united-kingdom.htm[Accessed 13 December 2018].
31
Peck, T. (2016). Remember June 23 2016. It's the day Britain stopped being a liberal country. [online] Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/brexit-eu-referendum-results-june-23-the-day-britain-stopped-being-a-liberal-country-a7100-096.html [Accessed 12 December 2018].
32
Peng, M. (2017). Global business. 4th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
33
Portes, J. & Giuseppe, F. (2017). The economic impact of Brexit-induced reductions in migration. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 33(1), 31–44.
34
Quaglia, L, (2018). How Brexit would affect UK financial services. [blog] Available at:http://theconversation.com/how-brexit-would-affect-uk-financial-services-50426 [Accessed 15 December 2018].
35
Salacanin, S. (2018). Qatar’s farewell to the GCC? the new Arab. [blog] 25 March 25. Accessed at: https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2018/3/25/qatars-farewell-to-the-gcc [Accessed 29 November 2018].
36
Sampson, T. (2018). Britain is already paying a price for voting to leave the EU. London School of Economics. [online] Available at: http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit-/2018/04/05/britain-is-already-paying-a-price-for-voting-to-leave-the-eu/ [Accessed 15 December 2018].
37
Sampson, T. 92017). Brexit: The economics of international disintegration. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(4), 163–184.
38
Schimmelfennig, F. (2018). Regional integration theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
39
Stiglitz J. (2016). The Euro: how a common currency threatens the future of Europe. UK: Penguin.
40
Stone, J. (2018). Brexit: European Parliament says backstop ‘cannot be renegotiated’ and calls for EU to step up no-deal planning. Independent News Online, [online] 13 December. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/-politics/ brexit-no-deal-theresa-may-backstop-irish-border-european-parliament-veto-customs-area-a8680071.html [Accessed 13 December 2018].
41
Tanyanyiwa, V. & Hakuna, C. (2014). Challenges and opportunities for regional integration in Africa: the case of SADC. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19(12), pp.103-115.
42
Thornton, G. (2017). The impact of Brexit on the financial services sector. [online] Available at: https://www.grantthornton.co.uk/globalassets/1.-member-firms/ united-kingdom/pdf/brex-it-impact-financial-services.pdf[Accessed13August 2018].
43
Warner, J. (2018). How will Brexit impact UK financial services? [blog] Available at: https://www.ig.com/uk/news-and-trade-ideas/other-news/how-will-brexit-impact-uk-banks-and-financial-services---181114 [Accessed 15 December 2018].
44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Descriptive Analysis of Fiji’s Tax System and Laws
Tax is a major source of revenue for many governments around the world. Fiji has adopted the world wide tax regime whereby tax residents of Fiji are to declare their worldwide income and pay tax in Fiji. Fiji is seen to have a comprehensive tax system. The paper analysed two main revenue generating tax laws of Fiji, the 2015 Fiji Income Tax Act and the Value Added Tax Act of 1999. Through international cooperation and use of multilateral instruments, Fiji has internalised some of the Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS) action points which is a global tax agenda.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114450_404cc9a9a9ac9163065c3697f00d8883.pdf
2019-03-01
274
285
tax
Income Tax Act
VAT Act
Tax Administration Act
BEPS and Tax Laws
Shivneil
Raj
shivneilr@unifiji.ac.fj
1
Department of Accounting and Finance, The University of Fiji, Lautoka City, Fiji
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. (2018). [online] Available at: http://www.fiji.gov.fj/getattachment/66423951-45b6-4484-b66d-0a2b63a03a9a/Bill-40---FRCS-(Amendment)-(No-2).aspx [Accessed 19 Sep. 2018].
1
Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. (2018). Income Tax Act 2015.
2
Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. (2018). Tax Administration Act 2009.
3
Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. (2018). Value Added Tax (VAT) - Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. [Online] Available at: https://www.frcs.org.fj/our-services/ taxation/business/value-added-tax-vat/ [Accessed 18 Sep. 2018].
4
Fiji Revenue & Customs Service. (2018). Vat Act 1991. [Online] Available at: https://www.frcs.org.fj/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/VAT-ACT-1991-Revised.pdf [Accessed 17 Sep. 2018].
5
Fulcher, P. (1999). Fiji Income Tax Law. Suva, Fiji: IJALS, pp.1-50.
6
Garcia, M. and von Haldenwang, C. (2015). Do Democracies Tax More? Political Regime Type and Taxation. Journal of International Development, 28(4), pp.485-506.
7
Rahman, F. (2018). Fiji Revenue & Customs Service – Tax Power point slides.
8
Tanzi, V. and Zee, H. (2000). Tax Policy for Emerging Markets: Developing Countries. IMF Working Paper. [Online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ wp/2000/wp0035.pdf [Accessed 19 Sep. 2018].
9
Teera, J. and Hudson, J. (2004). Tax performance: a comparative study. Journal of International Development, 16(6), pp.785-802.
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Empowerment on Human and Social Capital
This research investigates the effect of empowerment on human and social capital. The research method is descriptive, analytical and correlational. The statistical population consists of all employees of petrochemical industry of Markazi Province. Sample size equals to 250 employees. Data collection tool is standard questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by content and construct validity and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach’ Alpha. Collected data was analyzed by LISREL software. After the analysis, all research hypotheses accepted.
https://www.ijmae.com/article_114463_07d8068e266f22b351ad1af219c6409d.pdf
2019-03-01
286
296
Empowerment
Human capital
Social Capital
Ebrahim
Rahimi
ebrahimi57@gmail.com
1
PhD in Human Resource Management, Faculty Member of Technical and Vocational University Lecturer of Payame Noor University, Markazi, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amin
Pourzakeri
2
PhD Candidate in Human Resource Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Najibeh
Abbasi Rostami
najibeh.abbasi@yahoo.com
3
Master of Business Management, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Faranak
Safari Shad
faranaksafari46@gmail.com
4
PhD Student of Business Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmadi, Y. and Mohammadi Bolbolan Abad, A. (2013). “Investigating the relationship between social capital and organizational citizenship behavior: case study of employees at custom duty in Kurdistan province”, Quarterly of social sciences of Islamic Azad university of Shoushtar, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 153-178. (In Persian)
1
Amirkhani, T. and Aghaz, A. (2011). “Development of social capital in line with human capital: National Petrochemical Company”, Managerial researches in Iran, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 31-50. (In Persian)
2
Baker, W. (2003). Management and social capital, Translated by Alvani, S. M, and Rabei, M. R., Tehran, Management Organization. (In Persian)
3
Bandura, A. (2000). “Cultivate self-efficacy for personal and organizational effectiveness”. Hand book of principle of organization behavior, Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Pp. 120-139.
4
Bontis, N., & Fitz-enz, J. (2002). “Intellectual Capital ROL: A Causal Map of Human Capital Antecedents and Consequents”. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 3(3), 223-247.
5
Bordbar, G. and Zarei, M. (2014). “Investigating the effect of organizational social capital on the promotion of knowledge management in the Welfare Directorate General of Yazd”, Applied sociology, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 227-244. (In Persian)
6
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