Accounting
Mahmood Ali Al Wahaibi; Syed Sadullah Hussainy; Afshan Younas Durrani
Abstract
This study sheds novel light on the factors influencing short-term investments made by businesses. It delves into the impact of previously unexplored variables on working capital requirements at both the firm and macroeconomic levels. These variables include equity issuance activity, corporate yields, ...
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This study sheds novel light on the factors influencing short-term investments made by businesses. It delves into the impact of previously unexplored variables on working capital requirements at both the firm and macroeconomic levels. These variables include equity issuance activity, corporate yields, free cash flow, retained earnings, depreciation, government oil revenue, and trade levels. The study employs a pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model on a panel dataset spanning the years 2000 to 2014. This investigation extends the existing body of knowledge regarding the determinants of corporate short-term investments in the context of a novel emerging market, specifically the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) market. The findings reveal that fluctuations in government oil revenue and trade conditions exert a significant influence on the short-term investments of service businesses in the GCC, with a stronger impact compared to their long-term investments. Considering these findings, GCC economic policymakers could consider implementing targeted interventions to bolster the resilience of service-sector firms. This could include facilitating access to financing channels less susceptible to national economic fluctuations, as well as enacting policies and programs that encourage service firms to diversify their revenue streams through increased export activity and lessened dependence on the domestic market.
Accounting
Mohamed Khamis Zaytoun; Mohamed Mahmoud Elhoushy
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the impact of the increasing development of financial technology on the auditing profession. To achieve this goal, it defined financial technology as the use of technological innovation in the financial sector using the online market as a place to provide solutions to various ...
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This research aims to analyze the impact of the increasing development of financial technology on the auditing profession. To achieve this goal, it defined financial technology as the use of technological innovation in the financial sector using the online market as a place to provide solutions to various financial problems experienced by digital customers through the development of strategic models, processes, applications, or innovative products. The auditing profession faces great challenges; the changes brought about by fourth industrial revolution are not limited to technology only, but have extended to include the need to redesign some of the concepts that constitute the basic building blocks of accounting and auditing; like the concept of value. The changing face of the business environment may shift professional services from focusing on assurance services to focusing on non- assurance services. The research concluded that financial technology innovations enhance the use of the real time audit approach and the emergence of audit applications. The research also concluded that there is an update in the professional assurance services currently provided by the auditor. The role of the auditor emerged in assurance management’s assertions regarding the effectiveness of internal control over information technology, management’s disclosures regarding the application of artificial intelligence tools, auditing fair value estimates and accounting estimates prepared using artificial intelligence tools, management’s disclosures about cybersecurity risks, and cyber security risks management. Finally, the research concluded that new professional services have emerged, including auditing smart contracts, Trust assurance service in blockchains system, the function of the central administrator, and the function of arbitration in disputes. However, to achieve the future vision of professional assurance services for the auditor, the profession needs to overcome a number of challenges. First, it is to bridge the gap between the approach and method of real time audit and current auditing standards. Second, high investment to create tools to automate the audit.
Accounting
Sherif Nagy Mohamed; Ahmad Abdelsalam Abu-Musa; Amal Mahmoud El-Ghaish
Abstract
This study provides a proposed digital platform for accounting disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. The purpose of this digital platform is to help companies disclose their sustainability performance in accordance with international standards by providing a platform for activities ...
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This study provides a proposed digital platform for accounting disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. The purpose of this digital platform is to help companies disclose their sustainability performance in accordance with international standards by providing a platform for activities in the field of corporate social responsibility. Digital platforms provide mechanisms for measuring and disclosing corporate social responsibility and sustainability. This study provides new information and new measures of his CSR performance in three main dimensions: economic, social and environmental value creation. This study develops a digital platform to measure and disclose CSR performance in applied research in the Egyptian healthcare industry.The results of this study demonstrate that using digital platforms as measurement and disclosure systems is worthwhile and valuable. The results of the applied study demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in measuring strategic sustainability performance dimensions. This research provides a wealth of information for all users of financial reports and addresses stakeholder needs for more information on the measurement and disclosure of corporate social responsibility performance. This research has practical implications for companies using this system as a measurement tool to measure strategic sustainability performance. This research has implications not only for the concept of strategic sustainable performance of companies, but also for the concept of corporate social responsibility.
Accounting
Thakoor Sharma Geerawo
Abstract
This study explores the variations in discretionary accruals’ specific earnings management practices across different industries and their implications for financial reporting quality. Discretionary accruals are part of earnings management which affect the quality of financial reporting. These ...
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This study explores the variations in discretionary accruals’ specific earnings management practices across different industries and their implications for financial reporting quality. Discretionary accruals are part of earnings management which affect the quality of financial reporting. These can distort financial statements and mislead stakeholders. Understanding how these practices differ among industries provides valuable insights for regulators, investors, and financial analysts. Yet, literature is overly scarce on specific industries which are most affected by discretionary accruals. Delving into information from a robust principles-based economy adopting IFRS, this paper addresses a research gap with a dataset spanning multiple industries over a multi-year period from 2013 to 2022. The Dechow, Kasznik, and Kothari models are employed to assess the extent of discretionary accruals within each industry. Based on winsorized mean and standard deviation, the industries which appeared most in the list of signed and absolute discretionary accruals were Energy and Financials followed closely by the Technology industry. Additionally, applying panel data regressions with multiple fixed effects, the size of a firm, equity ratio, asset turnover, and past profitability were significant in the models which influence discretionary accruals whereas the impact of liquidity was not statistically significant.
Accounting
Mohammed Bukar Kauji; Shehu Hassan Usman; Saidu Adamu
Abstract
The study examines the effect of chief executive officers (CEO) Characteristics on the financial performance of listed fast moving consumer goods firms in Nigeria from 2013 to 2022. The study used a sample size of thirteen (13). The dependent variable was measured by ROA and ROE. The study engaged a ...
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The study examines the effect of chief executive officers (CEO) Characteristics on the financial performance of listed fast moving consumer goods firms in Nigeria from 2013 to 2022. The study used a sample size of thirteen (13). The dependent variable was measured by ROA and ROE. The study engaged a secondary source of data which was obtained from the annual reports of the firms and NEG website. The results from the Driscoll-Kraay robust fixed effect regression analysis proved that CEO financial expertise and tenure have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of the listed while CEO Political connection has a positive and insignificant effect on financial performance. The study concludes that firms with CEOs who are financial experts outperform firms without expertise in terms of financial performance in listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that the board of the consumer goods firms when hiring CEOs should give significant weight to candidates' financial expertise. The recruitment process should assess the candidates' financial acumen, educational background, and relevant experience.
Accounting
Lawrence Wahua; Ike Romanus Chukwuma; Temitope Reuben Akinsete; Samuel Brobbey
Abstract
Dearth of quantification of the nexus between employee compensation and turnover gave rise to this empirical investigation of the effect of employee salary, employee pension scheme, employee allowance, employee share bonus, and employee savings scheme on turnover of Chevron Group of Companies using audited ...
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Dearth of quantification of the nexus between employee compensation and turnover gave rise to this empirical investigation of the effect of employee salary, employee pension scheme, employee allowance, employee share bonus, and employee savings scheme on turnover of Chevron Group of Companies using audited secondary data from annual reports for 2012 to 2021. Anchored on economic theory, the five hypotheses developed for the study were tested simultaneously based on univariate general linear model with the aid of statistical package for social sciences. The cardinal findings of this study (which carried out descriptive and inferential statistical analyses) show that the effect of employee compensation on turnover of Chevron Group with the studied period is mixed in line with reviewed literature. Salary of employees has non-significant negative effect on turnover; employee pension scheme has significant positive effect on turnover while employee allowances, share bonus, and savings scheme have significant negative effect on turnover. The findings of the study have salient significance in terms of theory, practice, and policy. Far reaching recommendations are put forward.
Accounting
Hamidreza Hajeb; Safdar Alipour; Ali Ghayouri Moghadam
Abstract
The controversy surrounding the scientific or artistic nature of accounting has been the subject of various scientific circles for years, and the source of such debates is the fundamental difference between accounting and natural sciences such as physics, in such a way that some experts consider physics ...
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The controversy surrounding the scientific or artistic nature of accounting has been the subject of various scientific circles for years, and the source of such debates is the fundamental difference between accounting and natural sciences such as physics, in such a way that some experts consider physics to be the ultimate goal of science. They have tried to bring these two categories together, and on the other hand, some others have completely invalidated such an attempt with some baseless criticism. In this article, we have tried to outline the current and ideal accounting situation while expressing different views on the nature of science and describe the tools to fill the gap between the current and ideal situation. Finally, while respecting the efforts made to draw the path of the scientific movement of the profession, we considered the comparison of physics and accounting to be unworthy, and at the same time, we have given a worthy answer to some of the unfair criticisms. In the same way, we believe that the change of the accounting paradigm towards the use of fair values promises a scientific revolution in accounting, which will smooth the path of the faster movement of the profession towards the scientific position it deserves, but at the same time, we have also mentioned the challenges facing this mutation.
Accounting
Ibrahim Mallam Fali; Daniel Orsaa Gbegi; Philip Jehu
Abstract
Past studies have presented inconclusive results on the relationship between profitability and firm value, there is a need to take into consideration a moderating variable to strengthen the relationship. This study therefore, introduces dividend policy as moderator to examine its effect on the relationship ...
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Past studies have presented inconclusive results on the relationship between profitability and firm value, there is a need to take into consideration a moderating variable to strengthen the relationship. This study therefore, introduces dividend policy as moderator to examine its effect on the relationship between profitability and firm value of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted the Ex Facto-research design and the study used ten years, from 2012 to 2021. The study's population consisted of 15 listed banks on the floor of the Nigeria Exchange Group, and 12 were selected as study samples after filtering time frame. Secondary data were collected from audited financial report and accounts of the sample banks and the Nigeria Exchange Group's website. STATA was used to analyze the data, and the results revealed a negative direct link between profitability as assessed by return on assets and return on equity and firm value as measured by market value added. Furthermore, a higher dividend policy ratio strengthens the relationship between profitability and firm value. We add evidence that the dividend policy acts as a pure moderator in the banking industry. However, based on the findings, it is suggested that the regulatory authorities develop post-dividend payment legislation that can effectively contribute to the firm's dividend policy decision. The findings highlight the importance of profitability and dividend policy in maximizing corporate value in the banking industry.
Accounting
Edwin K Sitienei
Abstract
This study sought to address the effects of earnings quality on the financial performance of Non-financial firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange(NSE). Three attributes of earnings quality; predictive value, feedback value, and earnings accruals quality, were adopted as measures of earnings ...
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This study sought to address the effects of earnings quality on the financial performance of Non-financial firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange(NSE). Three attributes of earnings quality; predictive value, feedback value, and earnings accruals quality, were adopted as measures of earnings quality. The study adopted returns on assets (ROA) to measure financial performance. A 5-year data (2018-2022) for the 44 non-financial firms listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange were obtained from secondary data sources. The data were analyzed using Stata 17, and the findings showed that accrual quality and feedback value exhibited a significant positive relationship with financial performance. The predictive value of the earnings revealed an insignificant negative relationship with financial performance. The model was significant at a 10% significance level with a coefficient of 0.492. This implies that earnings quality constructs significantly and positively affect the performance of Kenyan public-listed non-financial firms. The findings of this study have important implications for users of financial information in ascertaining the importance of earnings quality on the performance of Kenyan public non-financial firms. This study is also beneficial to standard setters in Kenya that view the earnings quality as an indirect indicator of the quality of financial reporting standards that have been issued.
Accounting
Rezgalla Musbah Abdalla
Abstract
Although the qualitative approach has been recognized as an effective approach to link accounting research with accounting practices and accounting education, the accounting research is still dominated by the quantitative approach. The unpopularity of the qualitative approach in accounting research is ...
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Although the qualitative approach has been recognized as an effective approach to link accounting research with accounting practices and accounting education, the accounting research is still dominated by the quantitative approach. The unpopularity of the qualitative approach in accounting research is attributed to several obstacles related to individuals, management, and the nature of the qualitative approach. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the obstacles of the use of the qualitative approach in accounting research that come from accounting faculty members, management of universities, and the nature of qualitative research. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the analytical descriptive approach was used based on a questionnaire which was distributed to 60 accounting faculty members at different academic ranks at Libyan universities. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and One Sample T Test and one sample Wilcoxon Singed Rank Test. The results of the study showed that the three selected obstacles of using the qualitative approach in accounting research are facing accounting faculty members at Libyan universities and they are statistically significant. The main obstacle is the management of Libyan universities, followed by the accounting faculty members, and finally the obstacles related to the nature of the qualitative approach.
Accounting
Mohammad Hadi Sobhanian; Salah Salimian; Azadeh Ashrafi
Abstract
The tax gap can be considered as the criterion and principle of the effectiveness and efficiency of the tax system. Inadequate collection of taxes as well as non-realization of tax revenues is called tax gap, which is one of the factors that aggravate the budget deficit. In this paper, the issue of tax ...
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The tax gap can be considered as the criterion and principle of the effectiveness and efficiency of the tax system. Inadequate collection of taxes as well as non-realization of tax revenues is called tax gap, which is one of the factors that aggravate the budget deficit. In this paper, the issue of tax gap is investigated with two approaches. The first approach is a situation where two groups of investigators who are willing and unwilling to collude with two groups of taxpayers who are willing and unwilling to collude with a uniform distribution are placed in the game. The second approach also shows a situation where the probability of not discovering a taxpayer's violation is shown by a mathematical function and the quality of investigating groups for taxpayers who are uniformly distributed is unknown. The results of the first approach show that with the increase in the number of taxpayers unwilling to collude and the increase in the number of groups willing to collude with taxpayers, the tax gap decreases. Also, with the reduction of the tax rate and the increase in the number of groups unwilling to collude, the tax gap increases. The results of the second approach show that the tax gap increases with the increase in the number of investigators and also the increase in the probability of dishonesty of the taxpayer.
Management
Dyna Rachmawati; Magdalena Jayati Marinda Janggu
Abstract
This study aims to examine the role of business strategy in the relationship between earnings management and MD&A readability. Previous research has shown inconsistency of results in testing the effect of earnings management on MD&A readability. This inconsistency can be caused by the fact that ...
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This study aims to examine the role of business strategy in the relationship between earnings management and MD&A readability. Previous research has shown inconsistency of results in testing the effect of earnings management on MD&A readability. This inconsistency can be caused by the fact that the business strategy variable has not been included as a contextual basis for the implementation of operational activities. Earnings management in this study is measured by real earnings management, because previous studies have used accrual earnings management. The hypotheses are tested with the multiple linear regression. The results show on 189 cross-sectional data on publicly traded consumer goods companies show that: (1) real earnings management reduces MD&A readability in defender and prospector companies; (2) analyzer companies perform real earnings management – discretionary expenses reduce the readability of MD&A; (3) firm size as a control variable in this study has no effect on the readability of MD&A. The results of this study imply that (1) strategy is a contextual factor that affects operational activities and ultimately on the readability of MD&A, (2) earnings management through discretionary expense activities reduces the readability of MD&A, regardless of the business strategy adopted by the company.
Accounting
Matias Andika Yuwono; Dyna Rachmawati
Abstract
Agro is a growing company engaged in the plantation sector. As a growing company, companies need to improve company performance by implementing a risk management process based on the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) to reduce disruption ...
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Agro is a growing company engaged in the plantation sector. As a growing company, companies need to improve company performance by implementing a risk management process based on the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) to reduce disruption to daily operational activities, and companies can allocate resources more effective and efficient so that company goals can be achieved. To implement COSO ERM effectively, companies must conduct a thorough coordination and integration process in their operational activities. This qualitative study aims to analyze the application of COSO ERM in controlling operational risk in the trading division at PT. Agro. The risk management process carries from the risk identification process to the monitoring process. The results of this study indicate that the trading division has significant risks in its primary activities. Hence, it is necessary to carry out a monitoring process and appropriate actions to control these risks not to harm the company.
Accounting
Tanzina Haque
Abstract
The establishment of the nomination and remuneration committee (a key element of corporate governance structures) arises from the imperative to uphold principles of fairness, impartiality and transparency within the organization which serves to strengthen stakeholders’ confidence and enhance overall ...
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The establishment of the nomination and remuneration committee (a key element of corporate governance structures) arises from the imperative to uphold principles of fairness, impartiality and transparency within the organization which serves to strengthen stakeholders’ confidence and enhance overall business performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between a firm’s financial performance and its nomination and remuneration committee (NRC). As shown in the section delineating the research technique, the statistical software STATA was employed to analyze the correlation between the independent and dependent variables in this inquiry. The dataset consisted of total 48 insurance firms listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange over the time period of 2015 to 2022 resulting in a total of 384 firm-year observations. The results show that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the financial measures (EPS, ROE) and the independent variable (NRC) except the ROA which is not statistically significant. This investigation seeks to address a gap in the existing literature by examining the company financial performance within the emerging insurance sector of Bangladesh. The study concludes by suggesting that further investigation and research in this area are warranted. Presumably, this means there are more aspects to explore regarding the relationship between financial performance and NRC in the context of the insurance sector in Bangladesh.
Management
Ali Najarian; Roya Hejazinia
Abstract
In the accounting position, there has been a great deal of spotlight on the utilization of blockchain innovation, particularly in developing countries, where apparently remarkable assumptions ought to be acknowledged in the near future. The objective of this study is to recognize the prerequisites that ...
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In the accounting position, there has been a great deal of spotlight on the utilization of blockchain innovation, particularly in developing countries, where apparently remarkable assumptions ought to be acknowledged in the near future. The objective of this study is to recognize the prerequisites that should be met for the effective execution of blockchain innovation in developing nations. Our study was directed with regard to Iran, a developing nation. A qualitative research method (thematic method) was employed for this study, with the statistical population comprising blockchain, information technology, and accounting specialists in Iran. By using purposeful and snowball sampling techniques, we collected a total of 20 samples. We conducted semi-structured interviews to gather data for later analysis. The result of this study revealed that IT infrastructure, institutional, social, strategic, and organizational requirements are all crucial prerequisites for the successful deployment of blockchain technology in the accounting industry in developing countries. The study offers a blockchain implementation roadmap for the accounting industry.
Accounting
Mega Silvia; Fei Guo
Abstract
There is a greenwashing risk in voluntary carbon disclosure and there are no adequate regulations for stakeholder protection. So, there is a risk of providing information that can mislead stakeholders in making decisions. This research will analyze the determinants of carbon emission disclosure by considering ...
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There is a greenwashing risk in voluntary carbon disclosure and there are no adequate regulations for stakeholder protection. So, there is a risk of providing information that can mislead stakeholders in making decisions. This research will analyze the determinants of carbon emission disclosure by considering the risk of greenwashing in Indonesian companies. This study also uses the ratification period of Presidential Regulation No.98 to analyze its contribution to the relationship between variables. It is necessary to study the role and ability of regulators to intervene in Indonesian companies. This study uses a random effect model to examine the influence between variables. The total data sample for this study is 876 (firm-years). This study also uses the Difference in Difference (DID) method to address the risk of endogeneity, and to evaluate the effect between research variables by adding the ratification period to Presidential Regulation No.98. Empirical results show that corporate governance has a positive effect on carbon emissions disclosure. Changes in carbon emissions has a positive effect on carbon emissions disclosure. The results show the period of ratification of Presidential Regulation No.98 can strengthen the relationship between corporate governance and carbon emissions disclosure, and can strengthen the relationship between changes in carbon emissions and carbon emissions disclosure when companies fail to mitigate carbon emissions.
Accounting
Javad Forouzandeh; Arezoo Aghaei Chadegani
Abstract
Conflict of interests between shareholders and managers and other problems have led to the creation of corporate governance mechanisms. But, firms’ performances and the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance are still of interest to researchers. The objective of this study ...
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Conflict of interests between shareholders and managers and other problems have led to the creation of corporate governance mechanisms. But, firms’ performances and the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance are still of interest to researchers. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of internal audit formation history and audit committee formation history on the company's performance and also to investigate the moderating effect of firm age on these relationships. The population in this research includes all the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2018 to 2022, and the sample includes 120 companies. Research data were analyzed through multivariate regression model and by Stata software. The results show that the internal audit formation history has a positive and significant effect on the company's performance and also the audit committee formation history has a positive and significant effect on company’s performance. The results also show that firm age is a positive and significant effect on company’s performance. Moreover, the results show that firm age has no significant effect on the relationship between the internal audit formation history and the company's performance, but firm age has a positive effect on the relationship between the audit committee formation history and the company's performance.
Accounting
Azzouz Elhamma
Abstract
Certainly, the use of the achievement of budgetary objectives as a criterion for evaluating individual performance of managers (budgetary evaluation) is considered a controversial subject. It has been the subject of some research studies to understand its diversity and its impact on firm's performance. ...
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Certainly, the use of the achievement of budgetary objectives as a criterion for evaluating individual performance of managers (budgetary evaluation) is considered a controversial subject. It has been the subject of some research studies to understand its diversity and its impact on firm's performance. In this context, the aim of this paper is twofold. First, it tests the impact of organizational decentralization on budgetary evaluation practices. Second, it investigates the contribution of budgetary evaluation in firms' global performance improvement according to organizational decentralization. Data were collected from 62 Moroccan firms, operating in different industries, via a questionnaire survey. Based on descriptive statistics and some statistical tests (linear regressions), the study results show that organizational decentralization has a positive significant impact on budgetary evaluation, implying that “strict” budgetary evaluation especially based on the achievement of budgetary targets in individual performance evaluation is adopted more by decentralized firms. In addition, the firms’ global performance is significantly and positively impacted by the budgetary evaluation in decentralized companies. This relationship is not significant in centralized firms. Among the implications of this study, we can highlight that its results are very useful for companies’ managers. The use of a “strict” budgetary evaluation is more suitable for decentralized firms. While centralized companies are indifferent between adopting “strict” and “flexible” budgetary valuation.
Management
Adi Gunanto
Abstract
This research aims to identify the most accurate model for predicting bankruptcy in the banking industry in Indonesia. The three models used in this study are the Altman X-Score, Springate S-Score, and Zmijewski Z-Score models. The population used consists of all banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange ...
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This research aims to identify the most accurate model for predicting bankruptcy in the banking industry in Indonesia. The three models used in this study are the Altman X-Score, Springate S-Score, and Zmijewski Z-Score models. The population used consists of all banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data used are secondary data in the form of financial reports from 2012 to 2022. The methodology employed includes hypothesis testing using tests for normality, homogeneity, and one-way ANOVA. The research findings indicate that the Z-Score model is the most suitable and accurate model for predicting bankruptcy, with an accuracy rate of 85.53%. The S-Score model achieved an accuracy rate of 14.47%, while the X-Score model did not provide significant accuracy. The implications of the findings are that if the Z-Score model can be used to evaluate the financial health of banks and provide concrete preventive actions before bankruptcy occurs.
Accounting
Azzouz Elhamma; Rajae El-Moumane
Abstract
For several years, and especially during the health crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, digitalization has become one of the major challenges for all companies. In this regard, several research works have been carried out to understand the possible effects of digitalization on some areas of management, ...
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For several years, and especially during the health crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, digitalization has become one of the major challenges for all companies. In this regard, several research works have been carried out to understand the possible effects of digitalization on some areas of management, such as finance (Vasarhelyi et al. 2015, Pan and Seow 2016, etc.), work organization and jobs (Dorn, 2017, etc.), Human resources (Audrin et Davoine, 2017), etc. Unfortunately, this type of work is still absent in the field of management control (Quatrone 2016; Möller et al. 2020). In this context, this article, based on a survey carried out among forty-two Moroccan companies, aims to answer two main questions. First, how can we judge the degree of management control digitalization in the studied companies? Second, does the firm size impact this digitalization? The results obtained show that the management control digitalization is considered to be "moderate" in studied companies. It has also been shown that firm size does not have a statistically significant impact on this digitalization.
Accounting
Esmail Tavakolnia
Abstract
Although human rights have widely been addressed in scientific communities, animal rights and relevant challenges have mainly been neglected. Despite all unfortunate accidents that happen to animals, their unfavorable status has rarely been discussed in the literature on sustainable development or sustainability ...
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Although human rights have widely been addressed in scientific communities, animal rights and relevant challenges have mainly been neglected. Despite all unfortunate accidents that happen to animals, their unfavorable status has rarely been discussed in the literature on sustainable development or sustainability accounting. Nevertheless, the economic analysis of nature inhabitants and animals is an approach that has gained in popularity in accounting, finance, and economics over the recent years. This study promotes the notion that not only does the foregoing approach fail to result in environmental monitoring, but it also allows people to have economic reasons to justify destroying nature and harming animals. This study aims to offer a strategy to make animals visible in sustainability accounting by emphasizing the avoidance of materialism and financial valuation of natural inhabitants and phenomena. This study utilizes a comprehensive literature review and critical analysis of relevant sources to develop a scientific argument that contributes to the ongoing discourse in the field of sustainability accounting. This study proposes to separate animals and emphasize their importance in the sustainability model. It also suggests avoiding exaggerations in financial and economic valuation and focusing on the environment, animals, and other elements of nature. The proposed solution is expected to be a critical approach that can underlie further discussions and analyses.
Accounting
Edwin Sitienei
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between corporate governance traits and discretionary accruals among non-financial firms listed in NSE. Our study discovered that the board size has a relatively insignificant negative impact on the discretionary accruals of non-financial firms listed in the NSE using ...
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This study explores the relationship between corporate governance traits and discretionary accruals among non-financial firms listed in NSE. Our study discovered that the board size has a relatively insignificant negative impact on the discretionary accruals of non-financial firms listed in the NSE using a sample of 44 publicly traded non-financial firms based on 2012-2021 data. The findings on board independence indicate a significant positive relationship at 10% significance. The results suggest that board independence doesn't reduce discretionary accruals in non-financial firms listed in NSE Kenya. The CEO duality, on the other hand, revealed a statistically positive insignificant effect on discretionary accruals, contrary to expectations. The research findings also pointed to income-decreasing accruals earnings management as depicted by a mean of -.083 discretionary accruals in the descriptive statistics. On the effects of board meetings on discretionary accruals, the study found an insignificant negative relationship. The findings of this study may be useful for regulators to re-evaluate their laws and mandates regarding firms and their corporate governance structure, as well as for legislators who have the power to nominate board members to select competent and knowledgeable personnel.
Accounting
Md Maniruzzaman
Abstract
This paper plans to examine the effects of board size and financial leverage on the firm value measured as ROE and Tobin’s Q of DSE-listed manufacturing companies in Bangladesh ranging a period from 2010 to 2022. This research developed ordinary least square (OLS) and fixed effects model (FEM) ...
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This paper plans to examine the effects of board size and financial leverage on the firm value measured as ROE and Tobin’s Q of DSE-listed manufacturing companies in Bangladesh ranging a period from 2010 to 2022. This research developed ordinary least square (OLS) and fixed effects model (FEM) to identify the hypothesized relationships. The paper finds that board size does not matter for firm value but the affinity between financial leverage and firm value is positive and statistically significant. Firm size and firm age are found with a perplexing role in enhancing the value of firms because they show negative affinity when the firm value is measured as ROE but the same associations become positive when the firm value is measured as Tobin’s Q. This paper adds to the emerging body of literature on board size-performance and leverage-performance relationship in the Bangladeshi context using a reasonably wider and newer data set.
Accounting
Akbar Mohammadi; Sahar Babaei
Abstract
In the new generation of entrepreneurial and community-based universities, their role in solving social issues and socializing has become much more essential. If universities and scientific institutions want to take action in this direction more than before, it is necessary to gain an accurate understanding ...
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In the new generation of entrepreneurial and community-based universities, their role in solving social issues and socializing has become much more essential. If universities and scientific institutions want to take action in this direction more than before, it is necessary to gain an accurate understanding of the insights and dimensions of social responsibility in research and innovation. In this study, we seek the main concepts in the field of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). We have opened the black box of it through systematic literature review(SLR) and Scientometrics Analysis(SA). This study shows that the Responsible Research and Innovation concept has been evolving in recent years with the development of scientific concepts such as social innovation, corporate social responsibility, and university social responsibility. In this study, the selected articles identified by the SLR method from different textual dimensions and the emergence of new concepts are analyzed. In this study, 33 concepts in 8 different themes in the black box of RRI were identified based on the SLR method. Also, based on the Scientometric analysis and word occurrences analysis, the 10 most used words were identified. Finally, through a collaborative review, 5 key concepts for this area have been identified. These concepts are public engagement, sustainability, ethics, governance, and RRI. Breaking the black box of this concept in this article can shed some light on the literature in this field and reduce its complexity.
Accounting
Mojtaba Ghanbarzadeh
Abstract
The term business model (BM) is one of the topics that has recently been addressed in the area of accounting literature and seeks to explore how to improve the information content of financial statements. The present study is a qualitative research, in the first step in order to collect qualitative ...
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The term business model (BM) is one of the topics that has recently been addressed in the area of accounting literature and seeks to explore how to improve the information content of financial statements. The present study is a qualitative research, in the first step in order to collect qualitative data, a framework for semi-structured queries with experts was developed after examining the scope of financial reporting literature and business model. Subsequently, 23 well-known academic and executive experts in the field of financial reporting and business were selected through purposeful sampling (snowball). The transcribed interviews were coded in the second phase using inductive thematic analysis. In inductive theme analysis, patterns emerge during the analysis by placing open source or sub-themes together in one main theme. In summary, in the current study out of a total of 350 open source codes and 24 sub-themes, 6 main themes were identified as transparency and narrative, social accountability, users, key drivers, justice and fairness in reporting and presentation and disclosure. All of these are as components of financial reporting based on the concept of business model. Financial reporting and information disclosure are important management tools for effectively transferring information to stakeholders. Reliable and timely financial reporting enables individuals to accurately assess their future prospects. Therefore, by re-engineering the financial statements, six key components of financial reporting, inspired by the business model approach, can be a major step in re-engineering financial statements to improve the information content of financial statements.