Document Type : Original Research

Author

Master Program of Agricultural Economics, Post Graduate School Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University, Indonesia

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the role of women in management functions of small businesses such as planning, organization, motivation, staffing and supervision. The study was conducted in Malang Municipality using a survey method, to women who managed small enterprises that get funding urban poverty alleviation program (P2KP = Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan Perkotaan). Data collected from respondents randomly selected through interviews using a questionnaire and in-depth interview and then analyzed descriptively and gender analysis. The results showed that women managers of small enterprises have a relatively large role in the planning, organization, motivation, staffing and supervision in their businesses. The role of women in management functions is more dominant than her husband, either alone or together. Empirical evidence on the important role of women in small businesses will be a consideration for policy makers.

Keywords

Anis, Z. And Hasan, M. (2013). Woman Entrepreneurs of Small and Medium Enterprises in Rajshahi Area: Opportunities and Challenges. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 8. 
Baiyegunhi, L.J.S. and Fraser G.C.G. (2014). Smallholder farmers’ access to credit in the Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics. Vol. 115 No. 2.
David, F.R. Strategic Management. (1995). New York: Mc Graw Hill.
Davis, A. (2011). Rural and urban women entrepreneurs: A comparison of service needs and delivery methods priorities. Int. Journal of Business Science and Applied Management. Volume 6, Issue 2.
Development Manager Gender. (2012). Integrating Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment into an Activity, Programme or Policy. Gender Analysis Guideline. Final Draft. IDG-DSE.
Ezeh, C.I., Anyiro, C.O., Ehiemere, I.O., and Obioma, N.Q. (2012). Gender Issues on Poverty Alleviation Programmes in Nigeria; the Case of the National Fadama 1 Development Project in Abia State, Nigeria. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics. Volume 4 Number 3.
Fapohunda, T.M. (2012). Women and the Informal Sector in Nigeria: Implications for Development. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences.   Vol.4 No.1. 
Kiraka, R.N., Kobia, M., and Katwalo, M. (2013). Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Growth and Innovation in Kenya: A Case Study on the Women Enterprise Fund. ICBE-RF Research Report No. 47/13.                                                                                                                                     
Mburu, C. and Guyo, W. (2015). Influence of Women Enterprise Fund on the Growth of Women Owned Enterprises in Kenya. A Case Study of Dagoretti North Constituency in Nairobi Country. International Journal of Social Sciences Management and Entrepreneurship. 2(1):185-201. Sage Global Publishers. www.sagepublishers.org
Mies, M. (1988). Capitalist Development and Subsistence Production: Rural Women in India. Pp. 27-50 in M. Mies, V. Vennholdt Thomsen dan C. von Werholf. Women the Last Colony.
Mmari, A. (2015). Factors Influencing Performance of Women Owned Small Food Business and Hair Dressing Salon Enterprises in Moshi Municipality. European Journal of Business Management Vol. 2, Issue 3. 
Ocholah, R.M.A.; Okelo, S.; Ojwang, C.; Aila, F. and Ojera, B. (2013). Literature Review on the Relationship between Microfinance Provision and Women Enterprise Performance. Greener Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 3 (5), pp. 278-285.
Office for Women. (2009). Gender Analysis Toolkit. This publication is designed to provide general unbiased information. Every care has been taken to ensure the correctness of the information in the publication as at 1 July 2009.
Orser, Barbara J.; Sandra Hogarth-Scott and Peter Wright. (1998). On the Growth of Small Enterprises: The Role of Intentions, Gender and Experience. http://www.babson.edu (05/02/01). Pp.1-16. 
Phillips, Lisa A. and Roger Calantone. (1994). Hongkong Retailers: The Relationship between Environment Hostility, Planning and Performance. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. Vol 22. Number 8. MCB. University Press.
Pushpalatha, S. (2013). A Study on “Issues and Challenges of Women in Micro Entrepreneurship”, with Reference to Visakhapatnam District. The International Journal of Business & Management. Vol 1 Issue 4. www.theijbm.com.
Raja, F.S. (1998). Demographics Data, Problems and Values of the Women Entrepreneurs: Results of Questionnaire to A sample of Women Entrepreneurs in Pennsylvania. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. Vol 22. Number 8. MCB. University Press.
Roy, J. and Bhattacharya, J. (2013). Micro enterprise and Women Empowerment- A study of Badarpur Development Block of Karimganj District (Assam, India). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 12.
Saikou, S.E. and Wen-Chi, H. (2008). Small and Medium Enterprise for Women Entrepreneurs in Taiwan. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4 (S): 884-890.
Tong, R. Feminist Thought: A Comprehensive Introduction. (1989). Boulder, Co. Westview Press.
Trevisan, I. (1998).The Presence of Entrepreneurial Traits in Women Business Owners. A First Report, International Journal of retail & Distribution Management. Vol 22. Number 8. MCB. University Press.
USAID. (2011). Tips for Conducting a Gender Analysis at the Activity or Project Level. Additional Help for ADS Chapter 201. New Reference:  03/17/2011. Responsible Office: EGAT/WID.  201sae_031711.