Document Type : Original Research
Authors
Faculty of Economics and Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explore case studies based on multiple case study aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the waqf accountability practices in Malaysia. Waqf as well as the philanthropic body in Malaysia at this time having a massive development from its first presence in the past. The development generates, among others, especially subject to managing accountability. In Malaysia, the State Islamic Religious Council (SIRCs) is accountable to handle waqf assets given to them. As of recent, there are numbers of study taking into the functioning of the State Islamic Religious Councils in handling the waqf. This critical analysis of waqf is based on 13 states and 1 federal territory in Malaysia. The article is primarily theoretical and conceptual nature. Literature explores the history of the establishment, the law applies, current practices and the accountability practices. The results provide added value to the current research.
Keywords
Abd Latiff, A. Z., Ismail, C. Z., and Mohd Daud, N. (2006). Pengurusan harta wakaf dan potensinya ke arah kemajuan pendidikan umat islam di Malaysia. Artikel dibentangkan di Konvensyen Wakaf Kebangsaan 1214 September 2006 di Hotel Legend Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abdul Rahim A. R. (1998). Issues in corporate accountability and governance: An Islamic perspective. The American Journal of Islamic Social Science, 15(1), 55-69.
Askary, S. and Clarke, F. (1997). Accounting in the koranic verses. Accounting, commerce and finance: The Islamic perspective international conference, Sydney: Australia.
Auditor General's Report. (2014). Auditor general’s report. The activities of the departments/ agencies and management of state government’s companies, 3rd Series.
Awaludina, N. S., Nahar, H. S., Bakar, N. S. and Yaacob, H. (2016). Tracing Awqaf Mutawalli’s Accountability: Some Preliminary Malaysian Evidence. International Conference on Accounting Studies (ICAS), 15-18 August 2016, Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia.
Ayedh, A. M. A. and Ihsan, H. (2013). Do we need for accounting standards for awqaf, Paper presented at the Paper presented at the 9th International Conference on Economics and Finance (ICIEF) Turkey.
Ayedh, A. M. A. and Kamarubahrin, A. F. (2018). Analytical review of selected Muslim and non-Muslim countries in waqf experiences. In Ramli, N. M., Ab. Aziz, M. R., & Alias, M. The management of waqf concept, development and issues (pp. 84-102). USIM Press. Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Baydoun, N. and Willett, R. (2000). Islamic corporate reports, Abacus, 36(1), 71-90.
Cajee, Z. A. (2008), The revival of waqf in Muslim communities. Implementation of the recommendations of the international waqf conference South Africa, Cape Town, 2007. In Conference proceedings, International conference on waqf and Islamic civilization (pp. 243-278), Isfahan, Iran.
Cameron, W. (2004). Public accountability: Effectiveness, equity, ethics. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 63(4), 59-67.
Chowdhury, M. S. R., Chowdhury, I. A., Muhammad, M. Z., and Yasoa, M. R. (2012). Problems of waqf administration and proposals for improvement: A study in Malaysia. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 17(1), 1-8.
Connoly C. and Hyndman, N. (2004). Performance reporting: a comparative study of British and Irish charities. British Accounting Review, 36(2), 127-154.
Dahlia, I. and Haslindar, I. (2017). Revival of waqf properties in Malaysia. Paper Proceeding of the 5th Islamic Economics System Conference (iECONS 2013), "Sustainable Development Through the Islamic Economics System", Organized By Faculty Economics And Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Berjaya Times Square Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ebrahim, A. (2003). Accountability in practice: mechanisms for NGOs. World Development, 31(5), 813–829.
Ebrahim, A. and E. Weisband. (2007) Global accountabilities: participation, pluralism, and public ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Edwards, M. and Hulme, D. (1996). Too close for comfort? the impact of official aid on nongovernmental organizations. World Development, 24(6), 961-973.
Fox, J. A. and Brown, L. D. (1998) The struggle for accountability: The world bank, NGOs, and grassroots movements, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Gambling T. E. and R. A. A. Karim. (1986). Islam and social accounting. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 13(1). 39-50.
Gray, A. and Jenkins, B. (1993). Codes of accountability in the new public sector. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 6(3), 52-67.
Gray, R., Owen, D. and Adam, C. (1996). Accounting and accountability: Changes and challenges in corporate social and environmental reporting. Prentice Hall, London.
Habidin, N. F., Mohd Hussin, M. Y., Muhammad, F., Janudin, S. E., and Mohd Fuzi, N. (2017). Critical success factors, benefit, and auditing of waqf accounting. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(4), 1184-1189.
Haniffa, M. (2001). Social responsibility disclosure: An Islamic perspective. Discussion Paper, University of Exeter, UK.
Haniffa, M. (2002). Social responsibility disclosure: An Islamic perspective Indonesian. Management and Accounting Journal, 1(2), 128-146.
Haniffa, R., Hudaib, M. and Mirza, A. M. (2004), Accounting policy choice within the shari’ah Islami’iah framework. Retrieved February 9, 2013 from http://businessschool.exeter.ac.uk/documents/papers/accounting/2002 /0204.pdf.
Hyndman, N., and McConville, D. (2015), Transparency in reporting on charities’ efficiency: A framework for analysis”, Non-profit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 1 - 22.
Ihsan, H and Shahul, H. M. I. (2011a), Waqf accounting and management in Indonesian waqf institutions: The cases of two waqf foundations, Humanomics, 27(4), 252-269.
Ihsan, H, Maliah, S., Norhayati, M. A. and Muhammad, A. A. (2017). A study of accountability practice in dompet dhuafa waqf of Indonesia. JKAU: Islamic Economics, 30(2), 13-32.
Ihsan, H. and Ayedh, A. (2015), A proposed framework for Islamic governance for awqaf, Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, 11(2), 117-133.
Ihsan, H. and Shahul, H. M. I. (2011b), Waqf accounting and possible use of SORP 2005 to develop waqf accounting standards, In Kahf, M., and Siti-Mashitoh (eds.), Essential reading in contemporary waqf issues (pp. 353-385), Kuala Lumpur: Cert Publications.
Ihsan, H., Ayedh, A. M. and Shahul, H. M. I. (2006), Towards the better management and transparency of waqf institutions: Lessons from the charity commission, UK, Al Risalah, 6, 27-46.
Ihsan, H., Eliyanora, and Septriani, Y. (2016), Accountability mechanisms for awqāf institutions: lessons learnt from the history, Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 29(1), 41-54.
Kahf, M. (1998). Financing the development of awqaf property. Paper presented at the Seminar on development of awqaf Kuala Lumpur.
Lewis, M. (2001). Islam and accounting, Accounting Forum, 25(2), 103-27
Lloyd, R., Oatham, J. and Hammer, M. (2007) 2007 global accountability report, London: One World Trust.
Maali, P. Casson, C. and Napier. (2006). Social reporting by Islamic banks. Abacus, 42(2), 266-289.
Mahamood, S. M. (2000). The Administration of Waqf, Pious Endowment in Islam: A Critical Study of The Role of The State Islamic Religious Councils as The Sole Trustees of a Waqf Assets and The Implementation of Istibdal In Malaysia with Special Reference to The Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. (Ph.D. Thesis), Birmingham University.
Mahamood, S. M. (2006). Waqf in Malaysia: legal and administrative perspectives. University of Malaya Press.
Mohiddin and Nooraini. (2015). Waqf Development in Malaysia and Singapore: A Comparative Study. Retrieved September 5, 2018 from https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650210.
Nahar, H. S., and Yaacob, H. (2011). Accountability in The Sacred Context: The Case of Management, Accounting and Reporting of a Malaysian Cash Awqaf Institution. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2(2), 87-113.
Patrizia, G., and Massimo, R. (2011). Transparency in Italian Non-Profit Organizations. Department of Economics, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
PWS. (2018). Perbadanan wakaf Selangor. [Selangor Waqf Corporation]. Retrieved September 2, 2018 from www.perbadanan waqf selangor (PWS).
Ramli, N. M, and Muhamed, N. A. (2013). Good Governance Framework for Corporate Waqf: Towards Accountability Enhancement. Paper accepted for Proceedings of World Universities’ Islamic Philanthropy Conference 2013. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2437260
Rashid, S. K. (2008), Reason for decline of awqaf and how to bring about their revival, In Conference Proceedings, International Conference on Waqf And Islamic Civilization (pp. 135-168), Isfahan, Iran.
Roberts, J. and Scapens, R. (1985). Accounting systems and systems of accountability –understanding accounting practices in their organisational contexts. Accounting, Organisations and Society, 10(4), 443-356.
Rohayati, H., Rusnadewi, A. R. and Noor, I. Y. (2016). Exploratory study on waqf implementation in Malaysian public and private universities: With special reference to Turkish universities. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 9(4), 16-23.
Roshayani, A. and Norzaihan, M. Z. (2017). Performance measurement and accountability of waqf institutions in Malaysia. SHS Web of Conferences 36, 00005.
Sadeq, A. M. (2002), Waqf, perpetual charity and poverty alleviation, International Journal of Social Economics, 29(1-2), 135-151.
Safiah, M., Dalila, D., Siti Rokyah, M. Z. dan Ahmad, C. Y. (2006). Ke arah perlaksanaan sistem perakaunan wakaf yang piawai. Artikel dibentangkan di Konvensyen Wakaf Kebangsaan 12-14 September 2006 di Hotel Legend Kuala Lumpur anjuran Jabatan Wakaf, Zakat dan Haji, Jabatan Perdana Menteri, 2006.
Sapingi, R., Sheikh Obid, S. N., and Nelson, S. P. (2014). Towards developing a disclosure index for Malaysian zakat institutions. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 11(1), 1-11.
Shahul Hameed, M.I. (2000). The need for Islamic accounting perceptions of its objectives and characteristics by Malaysian accountants. Academics PhD thesis. University of Dundee.
Shakrani, M. S., Ahmad, J. and Zamzuri Noor, M. S. (2003). Tinjauan Awal Isu-Isu Yang Membataskan Penggunaan Wakaf Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Ummah di Malaysia. Artikel ini dibentangkan di Bengkel Ekonomi Islam, UKM 15 Januari 2003
Sinclair, R., Hooper, K. and Ayoub, S. (2010). Perspectives of accountability in charities. 6th Asia Pacific Interdisciplinary Research in Accounting (APIRA), 11-13 July, University of Sydney, Australia
Yasmin, S., Haniffa, R., and Hudaib, M. (2013). Communicated accountability by faith-based charity organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(1), 103-123.
Yunanda, R. A., Shafii, Z., and Tareq, M. A. (2016). Accountability of Islamic based non-profit sector: The case of waqf organizations. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 2(2), 105-124.
Zuraidah, M. I., Norhidayah, A. and Rabitah, H. (2011). A comparative study of waqf management in Malaysia. International Conference on Sociality and Economics Development, 10, 561-565.
)