Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Mohammd Reza Montazeri; Marzeya ShahVali
Abstract
Investigation of budget deficit and government debt relationship with economic growth is one of the important topics in macroeconomic literature; Hence, the present study examined the role of budget deficit and government debt on financing the economic growth in 40 developing countries between 2010-2019. ...
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Investigation of budget deficit and government debt relationship with economic growth is one of the important topics in macroeconomic literature; Hence, the present study examined the role of budget deficit and government debt on financing the economic growth in 40 developing countries between 2010-2019. In this regard, the economic growth was defined as a function of financial development, budget deficit, government debt, government expenditure, human capital, inflation rate, trade freedom, and the interaction of budget deficit and government debt with financial development. To examine the relationships between variables, the panel data econometric model and the feasible generalized least squares method were used. The estimation results showed that in developing countries, financial development had a positive and budget deficit and government debt had a negative and significant effect on the economic growth. Also, the interaction effect of budget deficit and government debt with financial development on economic growth was negative and significant that showed budget deficit and government debt play a negative role in positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. In addition, government expenditure, human capital, and trade freedom had a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while the inflation rate effect on economic growth was not significant.
Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Ebrahim Bahraminia; Firozeh Nori
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. The Document and Library review was used to collect data. Then, the relevant information was extracted from the World Bank website. The necessary information was collected through ...
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. The Document and Library review was used to collect data. Then, the relevant information was extracted from the World Bank website. The necessary information was collected through the World Bank website (2000-2020) to analyze the information and hypothesis test. After collecting the required information for the considered countries, the research hypotheses were examined using correlation and regression analysis and the panel data statistical method, and the data was prepared for analysis. Then, Eviews 12 is used to perform the final analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between Healthcare expenditures as one of the indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. It is also concluded that there is a negative and inverse relationship between Food Poverty as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries, while there was a negative and inverse relationship between the Death Rate as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. In addition, there is a positive and direct relationship between Access to Educational Facilities as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. Finally, there is a positive and direct relationship between Median Household Income as one of the indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries.
Kais Saidi; Saida Zaidi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2019, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
This paper aims to assess the impact of population growth on GDP and environmental quality. For this, we use the generalized moments in system method (GMM) with dynamic panel data for ten countries over the period 1980-2013. The main results of this study are: (i) the population have a positive ...
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This paper aims to assess the impact of population growth on GDP and environmental quality. For this, we use the generalized moments in system method (GMM) with dynamic panel data for ten countries over the period 1980-2013. The main results of this study are: (i) the population have a positive and significant impact on economic growth while the capital has a positive but no significant effect on economic growth. (ii) For the environment, population growth has a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions, the urbanization is negatively and significantly contributed to CO2 emissions, but trade openness has no effect on CO2 emissions. What is concluded that the effect of the population depends on other factors such as aging, hierarchical structure and the economic level of the country?
Zahra Nasrollahi; Elahe Mahmoodi; Majid Mahmoodi
Volume 4, Issue 7 , July 2017, , Pages 692-701
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between government size and openness for a 26-years panel of 30 Asian developing countries. It is argued that there is a negative relation between country size and government size and also between country size and openness. Considering that, some researchers ...
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between government size and openness for a 26-years panel of 30 Asian developing countries. It is argued that there is a negative relation between country size and government size and also between country size and openness. Considering that, some researchers concluded that there is a positive relationship between openness and the size of government. To reveal the relation between these two variables, we used two proxies for measuring the extent of openness. The proxy used for openness is the economic dimension of KOF index of globalization. Employing a non-stationary panel data technique and DOLS estimator, the results show that there is a positive relationship between economic globalization and government size.
Muhammad Rizwan Nazir; Muhammad Imran Nazir; Yasir Habib; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zeeshan Farred
Volume 4, Issue 2 , February 2017, , Pages 136-162
Abstract
This study examines the determinants of banks profitability in Pakistan. The main objectives of the study are to determine the factors that influence banks profitability in Pakistan and to make recommendations for management decision making and policy objectives. A panel data of 25 banks (commercial, ...
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This study examines the determinants of banks profitability in Pakistan. The main objectives of the study are to determine the factors that influence banks profitability in Pakistan and to make recommendations for management decision making and policy objectives. A panel data of 25 banks (commercial, Islamic, foreign and local banks) in Pakistan was analyzed over period of 2006-2015, using panel data regression method to estimate common, fixed and random effect regression models. The two key measures of profitability (dependent variables) analyzed in this study comprised of ROA and Return ROE. The bank-specific factors were incorporated into the regression models, were Credit risk, Expenses Management, Deposits to total assets, non-interest income and size. The results for the ROA model indicate that size and deposit to total assets of bank is positively significant to bank profitability while credit risk, expenses management and non interest income are negatively affect the profitability. Moreover the results of ROE model indicates that credit risk and NII are negatively significant and Size is positively significant with banks profitability. This study also indicates the comparison between Islamic verses non Islamic, Foreign verses local, and public verses private banks which shows there different results on banks profitability.
Saeed Karimi Petanlar; Saeed Rasekhi; Somayeh Ebrahimzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 9 , September 2016, , Pages 459-472
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of foreign direct investment on employment in tourism. In this regard, the effect of foreign direct investment as well as gross domestic production (GDP), tax rate, and globalization index as explanatory variables are studied on tourism employment ...
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The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of foreign direct investment on employment in tourism. In this regard, the effect of foreign direct investment as well as gross domestic production (GDP), tax rate, and globalization index as explanatory variables are studied on tourism employment as dependent variable using panel data econometrics through statistical data of 48 selected countries including Iran within 2009-2013. The results indicate that foreign direct investment negatively influences employment in tourism among the selected countries. Regarding tourism as a user sector and since foreign direct investment is associated with technology transfer and as many labor services may not be substituted by technology, attracting foreign investment is less than other sectors. Therefore, the professions are created by foreign investment in more attracting industries. Thus, it concluded that foreign direct investment attracts tourism sector workforce and reduces employment through creating professions in other economic sectors. It can be stated that this significant effect is maintained. Moreover, the effect of GDP and tax rate is positive; whereas, the globalization index variable is negative, which is consistent with the experimental results of previous studies.
Mohammadreza Mohammadvand Nahidi; Arash Ketabforoush Badri
Volume 2, Issue 11 , November 2015, , Pages 1370-1378
Abstract
One of the key issues in economics is the appropriate mobilization of skills and talents of human resources in a society. Employment plays a crucial role in the dynamism of a person’s life, and it can be viewed as the focal point of human and social relations. Policy makers and economic analysts ...
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One of the key issues in economics is the appropriate mobilization of skills and talents of human resources in a society. Employment plays a crucial role in the dynamism of a person’s life, and it can be viewed as the focal point of human and social relations. Policy makers and economic analysts in financial are trying to find solutions for increasing and improving employment. In this regard, the aim of this study is to investigate the role of openness and taxes on employment performance in Iran and selected developing countries. Hence, the model is evaluated using panel data for selected developing countries over the period 2005-2012. The results show that the tax has a significant negative effect on employment, so that a 1% increase in the amount of employment is reduced by 0.04 percent. Also openness and manufacturing value added have positive impact and exchange rates has a negative impact on employment.
Mansoor Mahini Zadeh; Elahe Mahmoodi; Majid Mahmoodi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , June 2015, , Pages 517-526
Abstract
This paper determines the degree of capital mobility and saving- investment association by using the Feldstein- Horioka (1980) approach among Middle East and North African (MENA) countries during 1990-2011. According to the Feldstein- Horioka hypothesis, in a country with high degree of capital mobility ...
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This paper determines the degree of capital mobility and saving- investment association by using the Feldstein- Horioka (1980) approach among Middle East and North African (MENA) countries during 1990-2011. According to the Feldstein- Horioka hypothesis, in a country with high degree of capital mobility there should be no relationship between domestic saving and domestic investment and inversely, in a country with low degree of capital mobility there is a high correlation between domestic saving and domestic investment. Using panel data and employing Random effect Model to estimate the model, the obtained results show that capital is highly mobile in these countries.
Mohammadreza Mohammadvand Nahidi; Arash Ketabforoush Badri
Volume 1, Issue 2 , September 2014, , Pages 176-185
Abstract
This study examines the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth in selected MENA countries in the period 2005-2010. The results show that FDI has positive and significant effect on economic growth, so that an increase of 1 percent of its value, growth, 0.03 percent increased.
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This study examines the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth in selected MENA countries in the period 2005-2010. The results show that FDI has positive and significant effect on economic growth, so that an increase of 1 percent of its value, growth, 0.03 percent increased.
Monireh Dizaji; Arash Ketabforoush Badri
Volume 1, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between trade and regional income inequalities in the period 2001-2010 using panel data for 18 selected developing countries. The results show that trade has a significant and negative effect on regional income inequalities, so that an increase of 1 percent of ...
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This paper investigates the relationship between trade and regional income inequalities in the period 2001-2010 using panel data for 18 selected developing countries. The results show that trade has a significant and negative effect on regional income inequalities, so that an increase of 1 percent of its value, regional income inequalities 0.09 percent decrease. Also, GDP per capita has a negative impact on regional income inequalities in studied countries. However, the population and agriculture value added have a positiveeffect on regional income inequalities. It can be said that a 1 percent increase in the variables, respectively, regional income inequalities 0.16 and 0.21 increased.
